Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

Krainer, Dorothee; Dupré, Gilles

doi:10.1002/9781119693741.ch37

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…All three techniques increased the CSA of the nares (from rostral slice 1 to slice 7), which is consistent with the increase in nasal aperture seen from externally when these techniques are performed in clinical patients 3,9–11 . The AVP resulted in the largest increase at the level of the external nares (a 132% increase at slice 3), suggesting it was more effective at opening the external nasal aperture than the other techniques.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…All models had one of three surgical techniques performed; vertical wedge resection (VW), modified horizontal wedge resection (MHW) or ala‐vestibuloplasty (AVP) ( n = 33 per group) 3,9–11 . The methods were performed sequentially in repeated groups of three, and all 99 simulated surgeries were performed by a single, right‐handed Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary Surgeons (DECVS) familiar with all three techniques.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard descriptions of each technique were read by the surgeon prior to performing the surgeries and access to these descriptions was available throughout (Video S1). 3,9–11 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The VW technique involved removing a triangular based pyramid of tissue from the ala nasi, and then suturing the defect closed with simple, interrupted sutures of 4–0 nylon 11 . The apex of the wedge was positioned slightly dorso‐laterally to the dorsal limit of the nares and the surgeon aimed for the angle of the wedge to be ~70 degrees.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addressing this lesion surgically has been shown to improve patient outcomes. A number of surgical techniques to correct stenotic nares have been described, with good subjective outcomes reported 2–11 . Commonly used rhinoplasty techniques such as vertical wedge resection, modified horizontal wedge resection, and ala‐vestibuloplasty are intended to decrease airflow resistance by increasing the cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) of the nares and nasal vestibules 3,4,10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the effectiveness of three different rhinoplasty techniques to correct stenotic nostrils using silicone models: A case study

Franklin,

Riggs,

Liu

2023

Veterinary Surgery

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ObjectiveTo compare the effects of three different rhinoplasty techniques on the postoperative cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) of the nares and nasal vestibuli.Study designExperimental study.Sample populationNinety‐nine 3D‐printed, remolded silicone models of a single French bulldog's rostral nose.MethodsModels were fabricated based on a computed tomographic (CT) scan of the nose of a French bulldog with moderately stenotic nares. Each model underwent either vertical wedge resection (VW), modified horizontal wedge resection (MHW), or ala‐vestibuloplasty (AVP) performed by a single surgeon (n = 33 per group). Preoperative and postoperative CT scans of the models were performed, and CSAs of the airway from the nares to the caudal end of the nasal vestibules were calculated.ResultsAll three rhinoplasty techniques increased CSAs (adjusted p values <.001) but to different levels caudally within the nasal vestibule. Vertical wedge resection achieved this up to the start of the alar fold, MHW up to halfway between the nares and the alar fold and AVP up to the caudal nasal vestibule. Average percentage increases in CSA were 26%, 15% and 74%, respectively. Ala‐vestibuloplasty led to larger CSAs than VW and MHW from the nares to the caudal nasal vestibule (adjusted p values <.05). The proportional difference within each technique was <7%.ConclusionAla‐vestibuloplasty resulted in a larger increase in the airway CSA of silicone modeled nares and nasal vestibules of a single French bulldog in comparison with VW and MHW.Clinical significanceAla‐vestibuloplasty can be considered for French bulldogs with moderately stenotic nares and evidence of nasal vestibular stenosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard descriptions of each technique were read by the surgeon prior to performing the surgeries and access to these descriptions was available throughout (Video S1). 3,9–11 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparison of the effectiveness of three different rhinoplasty techniques to correct stenotic nostrils using silicone models: A case study

Franklin,

Riggs,

Liu

2023

Veterinary Surgery

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Risk factors for complicated perioperative recovery in dogs undergoing staphylectomy or folded flap palatoplasty: Seventy‐six cases (2018–2022)

Fracka,

Song,

Dejong

et al. 2024

Veterinary Surgery

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ObjectiveTo analyze risk factors for complicated perioperative recovery of dogs undergoing either staphylectomy or folded flap palatoplasty.Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsSeventy‐six client‐owned dogs.MethodsMedical records of dogs that underwent either staphylectomy or folded flap palatoplasty were reviewed for signalment, brachycephalic risk (BRisk) score, history of gastrointestinal signs, laryngeal collapse grade, presence of preoperative aspiration pneumonia, intraoperative respiratory and cardiovascular complications, length of general anesthesia, number of corrected brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) components, and gastrointestinal and respiratory postoperative complications. Complicated recovery was defined as requirement for prolonged oxygen treatment and/or tracheostomy or perioperative death. Penalized logistic regression was used to identify risk factors.ResultsSeventy‐six dogs were enrolled in the study. Multivariate penalized logistic regression identified four risk factors for complicated recovery. These include surgery type (p = .0002), age (p = .0113), laryngeal collapse grade >2 (p < .0001) and length of general anesthesia (p = .0051).ConclusionsIn this population, dogs that had staphylectomy, increasing age, laryngeal collapse grade >2 and increasing length of general anesthesia were at increased risk for perioperative complicated recovery.Clinical significanceThe results of this study identified risk factors for perioperative complicated recovery in dogs undergoing elongated soft palate correction and may assist in surgical planning and early prediction of complications.

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Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome: a respiratory review

Erskine

2024

Companion Animal

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This article reviews the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic options for the respiratory aspects of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome is a condition estimated to affect around 50% of the brachycephalic dog population, which, over recent decades, has seen a meteoric rise in popularity and ownership. Several primary and secondary respiratory abnormalities that can compromise the respiratory capacity of these patients should be considered. Diagnosis primarily takes the form of clinical examination and the use of an exercise tolerance test, with other diagnostics acting as a useful adjunct in fully detailing the abnormalities present. Treatments are mainly focussed on increasing the amount of space within the upper respiratory tract through removal of various primary and secondary anatomical abnormalities; however, the optimal methods are yet to be identified. While understanding of these breeds' respiratory issues has increased among owners and the veterinary profession, there are still many challenges and unknowns in the management of these patients. It is important veterinary professionals take an active approach to these patients and are able to effectively communicate which are affected in order to maximise the welfare of this cohort and uphold their ethical responsibilities to them.

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Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

Cited by 4 publications

References 110 publications

Comparison of the effectiveness of three different rhinoplasty techniques to correct stenotic nostrils using silicone models: A case study

Comparison of the effectiveness of three different rhinoplasty techniques to correct stenotic nostrils using silicone models: A case study

Risk factors for complicated perioperative recovery in dogs undergoing staphylectomy or folded flap palatoplasty: Seventy‐six cases (2018–2022)

Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome: a respiratory review

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