Bracing Scoliosis - State of the Art (Mini-Review)

Sy, Ng; Borysov, Maksym; Moramarco, Marc; Nan, Xiaofeng; Weiss, Hans‐Rudolf

doi:10.2174/1573396312666151117120905

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Particularly for brace treatment, the quality is determined by the in-brace correction and comfort, as we know that in-brace correction and the time for which a brace is worn each day determine the outcome [65]. For AIS, the natural history research shows that for patients with curves below 30° who are at Risser 3 or more, observation alone may be justified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effects of Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Review of the Literature

Weiss¹,

Karavidas²,

Moramarco³

et al. 2016

Asian Spine J

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Currently, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is principally regarded as benign, but some researchers have cited serious or extreme effects, including severe pain, cardiopulmonary compromise, social isolation, and even early death. Therefore, exploration of the long-term effects of AIS, the most common type of idiopathic scoliosis, is warranted. The purpose of this review was to examine the long-term studies on the natural history of AIS and/or reviews concerning the long-term effects of untreated AIS. A PubMed search was conducted using the key words idiopathic scoliosis, long-term effects and idiopathic scoliosis, natural history. For further analysis, references cited in those studies were reviewed for additional, related evidence not retrieved in the initial PubMed search. A review of the pertinent bibliography showed that older natural history studies did not distinguish between late-onset scoliosis (referred to in this paper as AIS) and early-onset scoliosis (EOS). The more recent studies offer such important distinction and reach to the general conclusion that untreated AIS does not lead to severe consequences with respect to signs and symptoms of scoliosis. It is possible that earlier studies may have included patient populations with EOS, leading to the perception of untreated scoliosis as having an unusually high morbidity rate. Studies on the long-term effects of AIS that specifically excluded EOS patients conclude that AIS is a benign disorder. This indicates that for research and reporting purposes, it is important to distinguishing between AIS and EOS. This will allow the practitioner and patient and their families to decide on an optimal treatment plan based on the most appropriate prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effects of Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Review of the Literature

Weiss¹,

Karavidas²,

Moramarco³

et al. 2016

Asian Spine J

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“…Since then, a variety of other types of braces have been utilized clinically. The choices of bracing are prescribed based on the type of spinal deformity, and the extent of their success is due to bracing design and patient compliance [ 1 – 3 ]. For children with infantile scoliosis (IS) or juvenile scoliosis (JS), the Milwaukee brace has been preferred over a thoraco-lumbar-sacral orthosis (TLSO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an elongation bending derotation brace on the infantile or juvenile scoliosis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundA wide variety of braces are commercially available designed for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), but very few braces for infantile scoliosis (IS) or juvenile scoliosis (JS). The goals of this study were: 1) to briefly introduce an elongation bending derotation brace (EBDB) in the treatment of IS or JS; 2) to investigate changes of Cobb angles in the AP view of X-ray between in and out of the EBDB at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months; 3) to compare differences of Cobb angles (out of brace) in 3, 6, 9, and12 month with the baseline; 4) to investigate changes (out of brace) in JS and IS groups separately.MethodsThirty-eight patients with IS or JS were recruited retrospectively for this study. Spinal manipulation was performed using a stockinet. This was done simultaneously with a surface topography scan. The procedure was done in the operating room for IS, or in a clinical setting for JS. The brace was edited and fabricated using CAD/CAM method. Radiographs were recorded in and out of bracing approximately every 3 months from baseline to 12 months. A linear mixed effects model was used to compare in and out of bracing, and out of brace Cobb angle change over the 12 month period.ResultsOverall, 37.5% of curves are corrected and 37.5% stabilized after 12 months (Thoracic curves 48% correction, 19% stabilization; thoracolumbar curves 33% correction, 56% stabilization and lumbar curves 29% correction, 50% stabilization). The juvenile group had 25.7% correction and 42.9% stabilization, while the infantile group had 50% correction and 32.1% stabilization. There was a significant Cobb angle in-brace reduction in the thoracic (11°), thoracolumbar (12°), and lumbar (12°) (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant change in out of brace Cobb angle from baseline to month 12 (p > 0.05). No patients required surgery within the 12 month span.ConclusionsThis study describes a new clinical protocol in the development of the EBDB. Short-term results show brace is effective in preventing IS or JS curve progression over a 12 month span.

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“…The concept of three-dimensionally reversing the spine and posture has been advocated by others in the treatment of scoliosis 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ) . The complete correction accomplished in this patient was probably achieved because of the gross over-correction of the patient’s spine in the bracing configuration (reversal of thoracic curve, Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of three-dimensionally reversing, inversing, mirror-image, opposite kinematic approaches is proving to be more effective in the treatment of scoliosis versus typical, standard or ‘cookie-cutter’ traditional approaches 23 , 24 , 25 ) . Three-dimensional corrective approaches for the treatment of AIS include Schroth exercises 21 , 25 ) , CBP mirror image exercises and traction 19 , 20 ) , as well as over-corrective bracing 22 ) , including SpineCor bracing as used in this case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is early treatment for mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis superior over the traditional ‘watch & wait’ approach? A case report with long-term follow-up

Oakley

2018

J Phys Ther Sci

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[Purpose] To present a case of the complete correction of mild suspected adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in support of the argument that early aggressive treatment is superior to the traditional ‘watch & wait’ approach. [Subject and Methods] A 9-year-old female presented with a 14° thoracic curve indicative of early adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The parents consented to immediate and early treatment with the SpineCor dynamic and corrective scoliosis brace. The brace was worn 20 hours per day and check-ups were performed every three months. [Results] The patient achieved complete correction of the thoracic curve within 9-months. The child was followed for 4.5 years until she approached near cessation of skeletal growth (Risser sign grade 4) at the age of 14 years, 4-months. The patient’s spine remained straight throughout the follow-up. [Conclusion] This report as well as others suggests that the SpineCor bracing system is a unique and effective intervention for mild scoliosis. Further, this case illustrates an ideal outcome and supports the argument that initiating treatment at the earliest indication of suspected idiopathic scoliosis should offer superior outcomes versus the traditional ‘watch & wait’ approach. Last, radiation exposures associated with radiography for scoliosis treatment and management are negligible and not harmful.

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Bracing Scoliosis - State of the Art (Mini-Review)

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Long-Term Effects of Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Review of the Literature

Long-Term Effects of Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Review of the Literature

Effect of an elongation bending derotation brace on the infantile or juvenile scoliosis

Is early treatment for mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis superior over the traditional ‘watch & wait’ approach? A case report with long-term follow-up

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