Braess Paradox in the Laboratory: Experimental Study of Route Choice in Traffic Networks with Asymmetric Costs

Impact of information on risk attitudes: Implications on valuation of reliability and information

“…To this end, controlled laboratory experiments have been extensively used to study driving behaviour. In particular there have been studies relating equilibrium principles as well as individual travel behaviour (Rapoport et al, 2006(Rapoport et al, , 2008Nielsen, 2004;Gisches and Rapoport, 2010;Dixit and DenantBoemont, 2013). There have also been a few studies which have investigated the impact of information on route choice with the use of laboratory experiments (Denant-Boèmont and Petiot, 2003;Ziegelmeyer et al, 2008;Selten et al, 2007;Ben-Elia et al, 2013;Chorus et al, 2013).…”

Dynamics in Braess Paradox with Nonimpulsive Commuters

“…In the numerical example, this means that the entire population will choose ---(since in the other two roads the fraction of commuter is ( + − )/ = 0) with a total travel cost of + + = 51. According to [19], this is considered paradoxical as it shows how adding extra capacity to a network can reduce overall performance. More correctly, it is just counterintuitive and the mathematical reason is that there is a distinction between Nash equilibria and optima.…”

“…For example, in [14] examples are reported that occurred on a modeled network of the city of Winnipeg, while [15] focus on a portion of the Boston road network. The experimental works are interested in studying the occurrence of the paradox in a controlled setting (see, e.g., [16][17][18][19][20]), not only in basic but also in augmented networks. This literature provides evidence in strong support of the paradox in some cases (see [18]), while statistically significant, but weaker support in some other cases (see [16,17,19,20]).…”

“…The experimental works are interested in studying the occurrence of the paradox in a controlled setting (see, e.g., [16][17][18][19][20]), not only in basic but also in augmented networks. This literature provides evidence in strong support of the paradox in some cases (see [18]), while statistically significant, but weaker support in some other cases (see [16,17,19,20]). A comparison of public versus private monitoring using the same participants is performed in [21] to investigate how the type of monitoring affects route choice.…”

Replicating human interaction in Braess Paradox

“…This dilemma, known as the Braess paradox, has captured the interest of several scholars and practitioners not only in transportation science (Smith 1979, Steinberg andZangwill 1983) but also in computer science (Boyce, Mahmassani, and Nagurney 2005) and economics (Rapoport et al 2008).…”