BRAFT1799A mutation in the primary tumor as a marker of risk, recurrence, or persistence of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Relevance of BRAF and NRAS mutations in the primary tumor and metastases of papillary thyroid carcinomas

“…Various authors have proposed an algorithm for the evaluation of thyroid nodules that includes the determination of BRAF T1799A mutation on FNAB . The diagnostic potential of BRAF T1799A mutation on FNAB for PTC relies on the detection of PTCs on thyroid nodules that are positive for the mutation, which only occurs in approximately 44% of PTCs . In the present study, 20.7% of patients with PTC (6/29 patients; Table ) presented a heterogeneous BRAF mutational pattern in intrathyroid foci (Table ), calling into question the diagnostic value of BRAF T1799A mutation on FNAB, because BRAF ‐positive PTC cases would only be detected if a BRAF‐positive tumor focus was punctured.…”

“…BRAF T1799A and NRAS (12/13/61 codons) activating mutations constitute the most common genetic alterations found in thyroid cancers, occurring in approximately 44% and approximately 14% of sporadic PTCs, respectively . These mutations have been associated with tumor aggressiveness, including extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, disease recurrence, and a poor prognosis . BRAF T1799A mutation has also been associated with advanced tumor stages and even mortality in PTC, and it has therefore been proposed as a potential prognostic factor in PTC risk stratification and management .…”

BRAF V600E protect from cell death via inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition in papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancers

“…In recent years, the incidence rate of thyroid cancer has increased. The BRAF T1799A mutation is a common gene mutation in thyroid cancer, melanoma and colon cancer 1–4 ; Molecular studies have found the BRAF T1799A mutation in approximately 45% of PTC and 25% of apparently PTC‐derived anaplastic thyroid cancers, but not in follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and benign thyroid tumours 5 . BRAF T1799A mutation contribute to poor clinicopathologic outcomes of PTC, such as increased extrathyroidal invasion, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumour stage and tumour recurrence 6 …”