Brain Circulation?

Academic “Centres,” Epistemic Differences and Brain Circulation

“…In particular, policymakers emphasize the need for international collaboration between migrants and counterparts within their countries of origin, whether it be in the form of academic research, business ventures, or the commercial development of innovative products (Edler, Fier and Grimpe, ). Scholars have argued that successful brain circulation benefits migrants’ host and origin countries, promoting investment in local businesses and possibly providing employment to local communities in both locations (Harvey, ; Saxenian, ).…”

“…At the same time, researchers have questioned how states demarcate who “belongs” to the diaspora, and how migrant academics define their relationship to their countries of origin. Harvey's () study of British and Indian scientists show that while individuals may maintain contact with industry counterparts in the UK and India, such connections do not necessarily translate into significant investments in their origin countries.…”

Highly skilled migration and the negotiation of immigration policy: Non-EEA postgraduate students and academic staff at English universities

“…Whilst these groups have been the subject of previous scholarly work focusing primarily on rationales for and outcomes of mobility (Koser and Salt, 1997;Iredale, 2001;Saxenian, 2002;Harvey, 2008;Willis et al, 2009;Zhang, 2003;Beaverstock, 2005;Favell and Smith, 2006;Ley, 2010), there is a need for closer examination of the specific ways in which the state affects this type of mobility.…”