Brain correlates of hypnotic paralysis—a resting-state fMRI study

Pyka, Martin; Burgmer, Markus; Lenzen, Thomas; Pioch, Regina; Dannlowski, Udo; Pfleiderer, Bettina; Ewert, Adrianna; Heuft, Gereon; Arolt, Volker; Konrad, Carsten

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.078

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…One case study found mostly decreases in connectivity (and mostly between frontal and other areas) with hypnosis in a single highly hypnotizable subject with hypnosis, although there was also one consistent and strong increase in connectivity (between the left temporal and right occipital areas) with hypnosis (Fingelkurts, Kallio, & Revonsuo, 2007). Other research has shown increases in connectivity between precuneus and other regions with hypnotic paralysis (Cojan et al, 2009; Pyka et al, 2011). In sum, the findings in studies of hypnosis not involving analgesia suggest mostly decreases in connectivity (and mostly with highs) with hypnosis, but some increases in connectivity, depending on the sites examined as well as the level of hypnotizability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Mechanisms of Hypnosis:Toward the Development of a Biopsychosocial Model

Jensen

Adachi

Tomé‐Pires

et al. 2014

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

128

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Evidence supports the efficacy of hypnotic treatments, but there remain many unresolved questions regarding how hypnosis produces its beneficial effects. Most theoretical models focus more or less on biological, psychological, and social factors. This scoping review summarizes the empirical findings regarding the associations between specific factors in each of these domains and response to hypnosis. The findings indicate that: (1) no single factor appears primary; (2) different factors may contribute more or less to outcomes in different subsets of individuals or for different conditions; and (3) comprehensive models of hypnosis that incorporate factors from all 3 domains may ultimately prove to be more useful than more restrictive models that focus on 1 or a very few factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Mechanisms of Hypnosis:Toward the Development of a Biopsychosocial Model

Jensen

Adachi

Tomé‐Pires

et al. 2014

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the association of hemispheric specialization and creative thinking, the PCC/preCUN coordinates were located in both hemispheres [27]. The PCC/preCUN has been used in previous studies to explore the functional connectivity of the DMN [28], [29], [30]. The coordinates of S1/M1 were determined from an fMRI-study by Maihöfner et al (2007) [31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Art Changes Your Brain: Differential Effects of Visual Art Production and Cognitive Art Evaluation on Functional Brain Connectivity

Mack-Andrick²,

et al. 2014

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Visual art represents a powerful resource for mental and physical well-being. However, little is known about the underlying effects at a neural level. A critical question is whether visual art production and cognitive art evaluation may have different effects on the functional interplay of the brain's default mode network (DMN). We used fMRI to investigate the DMN of a non-clinical sample of 28 post-retirement adults (63.71 years ±3.52 SD) before (T0) and after (T1) weekly participation in two different 10-week-long art interventions. Participants were randomly assigned to groups stratified by gender and age. In the visual art production group 14 participants actively produced art in an art class. In the cognitive art evaluation group 14 participants cognitively evaluated artwork at a museum. The DMN of both groups was identified by using a seed voxel correlation analysis (SCA) in the posterior cingulated cortex (PCC/preCUN). An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to relate fMRI data to psychological resilience which was measured with the brief German counterpart of the Resilience Scale (RS-11). We observed that the visual art production group showed greater spatial improvement in functional connectivity of PCC/preCUN to the frontal and parietal cortices from T0 to T1 than the cognitive art evaluation group. Moreover, the functional connectivity in the visual art production group was related to psychological resilience (i.e., stress resistance) at T1. Our findings are the first to demonstrate the neural effects of visual art production on psychological resilience in adulthood.

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“…On the other hand, pathological dissociative states (e.g. post-trauma) have also been linked with changes in activity in medial prefrontal areas and precuneus [22,31], and modulations of neural activity in precuneus have often been reported under hypnosis [26,28,51,70,72]. In further support of a functional link between deficits produced by conversion and those induced by hypnosis, a few neuroimaging studies have reported that motor paralysis under hypnosis is associated with modulation of brain activity in ACC and ventral prefrontal regions [37,108].…”

Section: Dissociation and Hypnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain circuits implicated in psychogenic paralysis in conversion disorders and hypnosis

Vuilleumier¹

2014

Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology

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Please cite this article in press as: Vuilleumier P. Brain circuits implicated in psychogenic paralysis in conversion disorders and hypnosis. REVIEW/MISE AU POINT Brain circuits implicated in psychogenic paralysis in conversion disorders and hypnosis Circuits cérébraux des paralysies psychogènes liées aux troubles de conversion et à l'hypnose P. Vuilleumier Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition (LABNIC), Department of Neuroscience (NEUFO), University Medical Center (CMU), 1, rue Micheli du Crest, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandReceived 27 December 2013; accepted 12 January 2014 KEYWORDSConversion; Hysteria; Hypnosis; Paralysis; Brain; Neuroimaging; Affect; Self; Precuneus; VMPFC Summary Conversion disorders are defined as neurological symptoms arising without organic damage to the nervous system, presumably in relation to various emotional stress factors, but the exact neural substrates of these symptoms and the mechanisms responsible for their production remain poorly understood. In the past 15 years, novel insights have been gained with the advent of functional neuroimaging studies in patients suffering from conversion disorders in both motor and non-motor (e.g. somatosensory, visual) domains. Several studies have also compared brain activation patterns in conversion to those observed during hypnosis, where similar functional losses can be evoked by suggestion. The current review summarizes these recent results and the main neurobiological hypotheses proposed to account for conversion symptoms, in particular motor deficits. An emerging model points to an important role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), precuneus, and perhaps other limbic structures (including amygdala), all frequently found to be hyperactivated in conversion disorders in parallel to impaired recruitment of primary motor and/or sensory pathways at the cortical or subcortical (basal ganglia) level. These findings are only partly shared with hypnosis, where increases in precuneus predominate, together with activation of attentional control systems, but without any activation of VMPFC. Both VMPFC and precuneus are key regions for access to internal representations about the self, integrating information from memory and imagery with affective relevance (in VMPFC) and sensory or agency representations (in precuneus). It is therefore postulated that conversion deficits might result from an alteration of conscious sensorimotor functions and self-awareness under the influence of affective and sensory representations generated in these regions, which might promote certain patterns of behaviors in response to self-relevant emotional states. © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. IntroductionConversion disorders have been known to physicians since ancient times and consist of neurological dysfunction that occurs in the absence of organic lesions within the nervous system, but is distinct from other major psychiatric symptoms such as psychosis or depression. Thus, patients may present with a paralysis of one or ...

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Brain correlates of hypnotic paralysis—a resting-state fMRI study

Cited by 50 publications

References 94 publications

Mechanisms of Hypnosis:Toward the Development of a Biopsychosocial Model

Mechanisms of Hypnosis:Toward the Development of a Biopsychosocial Model

How Art Changes Your Brain: Differential Effects of Visual Art Production and Cognitive Art Evaluation on Functional Brain Connectivity

Brain circuits implicated in psychogenic paralysis in conversion disorders and hypnosis

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