Brain Dynamics of Action Monitoring in Higher-Order Motor Control Disorders: The Case of Apraxia

Abstract

Authors' contribution: GS and SMA conceived the study. GS, LC and RP performed the experiment and collected the data. GS analysed EEG data. LC analysed neuropsychological and neuroimaging data. ET designed the stimuli and programmed the set-up. All the authors discussed the protocol and the results and contributed to manuscript preparation.

Selective influence of dopamine on electrocortical signatures of error monitoring: a combined EEG and immersive virtual reality study in Parkinson’s disease

“…Notably, finding a similar oPe in PD 'off', PD 'on' and HCs, is consistent with the notion that generation of this component does not seem to depend on the dopaminergic system (Falkenstein et al, 2001). One may find surprising that we did not find any error-related negativity (oERN), a marker of error detection that was present in previous studies with young adults (Pavone et al, 2016;Pezzetta et al, 2018;Spinelli et al, 2018), but absent with older populations (Spinelli et al, 2022). We speculate that such absence may be related to weak modulation of oERN in aging (Nieuwenhuis et al, 2001;Thurm et al, 2020), or to its low amplitude compared to action execution ERN (van Schie et al, 2004).…”

“…One may find surprising that we did not find any error-related negativity (oERN), a marker of error detection that was present in previous studies with young adults (Pavone et al, 2016; Pezzetta et al, 2018; Spinelli et al, 2018), but absent with older populations (Spinelli et al, 2022). We speculate that such absence may be related to weak modulation of oERN in aging (Nieuwenhuis et al, 2001; Thurm et al, 2020).…”

“…During the trial, participants passively observed from a first-person perspective the movement of the virtual right arm. The total duration of the movement was 1000 ms; the kinematics of the movement, identical for the 70% of the action duration in both correct and incorrect conditions, could diverge in movement’s trajectory in the last 30% of the time, leading to either a successful or unsuccessful grasp (Pavone et al, 2016; Pezzetta et al, 2018; Spinelli et al, 2018; Spinelli et al, 2022). The deviation from the to-be grasped object was identical in all the erroneous trials (Figure 1, panel B).…”

Combined EEG and immersive virtual reality unveil dopaminergic modulation of error monitoring in Parkinson’s Disease

“…Surprisingly, we did not find any oERN, an error detection marker present in previous studies with young adults 30,31,58 . However, it should be noted that this component was absent in older populations investigated with a paradigm very similar to ours 77 . We speculate that its absence may reflect weak oERN modulation in aged individuals [78][79][80] .…”

“…The total duration of the movement was 1000 ms. The movement's kinematics were identical for 70% of the action duration in both correct and incorrect conditions but could diverge in the final 30% leading to either a successful or unsuccessful grasping; 30,31,58,77 here a short videoclip of the paradigm: https://osf.io/rxeha). The deviation from the to-be-grasped object was identical in all erroneous trials (Fig.…”