Brain dysfunction in anorexia nervosa: cause or consequence of under-nutrition?

Hay, Phillipa; Sachdev, Perminder S.

doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e3283453775

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This suggests that previous findings which highlight differences in subjective embodiment in relation to eating disorder psychopathology may be body part specific 36,38,74 . Nevertheless, studying eating disorder characteristics within healthy individuals remains clinically important to identify factors associated with the development of eating disorders without the confounds of physical consequences of the disorder 75,76 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Visual Capture Towards Subjective Embodiment Within the Full Body Illusion

Carey

Crucianelli

Preston

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Typically, multisensory illusion paradigms emphasise the importance of synchronous visuotactile integration to induce subjective embodiment towards another body. However, the extent to which embodiment is due to the 'visual capture' of congruent visuoproprioceptive information alone remains unclear. Thus, across two experiments (total N = 80), we investigated how mere visual observation of a mannequin body, viewed from a first-person perspective, influenced subjective embodiment independently from concomitant visuotactile integration. Moreover, we investigated whether slow, affective touch on participants' own, unseen body (without concomitant touch on the seen mannequin) disrupted visual capture effects to a greater degree than fast, non-affective touch. In total, 40% of participants experienced subjective embodiment towards the mannequin body following mere visual observation, and this effect was significantly higher than conditions which included touch to participants own, unseen body. The velocity of the touch that participants received (affective/nonaffective) did not differ in modulating visual capture effects. Furthermore, the effects of visual capture and perceived pleasantness of touch was not modulated by subthreshold eating disorder psychopathology. Overall, this study suggests that congruent visuoproprioceptive cues can be sufficient to induce subjective embodiment of a whole body, in the absence of visuotactile integration and beyond mere confabulatory responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Visual Capture Towards Subjective Embodiment Within the Full Body Illusion

Carey

Crucianelli

Preston

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…First, deficits in general cognitive functioning caused by extreme starvation can confound measurements of FER in acute AN (Hay & Sachdev, 2011;Kaye, Fudge, & Paulus, 2009). Whether FER deficits are limited to the starvation phase or extend beyond recovery is an important question to answer to better understand the role of socioemotional difficulties in AN maintenance.…”

Section: Schultementioning

confidence: 99%

Visual scanning during emotion recognition in long‐term recovered anorexia nervosa: An eye‐tracking study

Dinkler

Dobrescu

Råstam

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: To examine Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) and visual scanning behavior (eye-tracking) during FER in women long-term recovered from teenage-onset anorexia nervosa (recAN) with and without autism spectrum disorder (±ASD) and age-matched comparison women (COMP), using a sensitive design with facial emotion expressions at varying intensities in order to approximate real social contexts.Method: Fifty-seven 38-47-year-old women (26 recAN of whom six with ASD, 31 COMP) participated in the study. They completed a non-verbal FER task, consisting of matching basic emotions at different levels of expression intensity with full emotional expressions. Accuracy, response time and visual scanning behavior were measured.Results: There were no differences between recAN-ASD and COMP in FER accuracy and visual scanning behavior during FER, including eye viewing and hyperscanning. In an exploratory analysis, recAN+ASD were more accurate than recAN-ASD in identifying expressions at low intensity, but not at medium or high expression intensity.Accuracy was not associated with the extent of attention to the eye region.Discussion: Our data indicate that women long-term recovered from adolescentonset AN do not have deficits in basic FER ability and visual scanning behavior during FER. However, the presence of comorbid ASD might affect face processing in recovered AN. Future studies investigating basic FER in acute and recovered AN and other conditions need to ensure that the stimuli used are sensitive enough to detect potential deficits. K E Y W O R D Sanorexia nervosa, autism spectrum disorder, emotion recognition, eye tracking, facial expression

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“…Previous research studies have also revealed cognitive deficits in patients with AN (Allen et al., ; Weider, Indredavik, Lydersen, & Hestad, ). Although the results of previous studies have not been entirely consistent, the available data indicate that some cognitive deficits are the consequence of starvation (Hay & Sachdev, ; Kaye, Fudge, & Paulus, ) and can be normalised with weight restoration (Hatch et al., ), particularly in adolescents (Buehren et al., ). However, other cognitive deficits may persist after recovery from AN, such as memory and executive function in particular (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Implicit sequence learning in juvenile anorexia nervosa: neural mechanisms and the impact of starvation

Firk

Mainz

Martin

et al. 2015

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Our data suggest that the impaired implicit learning observed in adolescent AN patients before weight gain is a state-related dysfunction that normalises with weight gain. Thus, implicit learning deficits do not appear to represent a predisposition towards developing AN; rather, these deficits should be considered when planning psychotherapeutic interventions for acute AN. Reduced thalamic activation during the acute stage of AN may indicate a starvation-induced dysfunction of the neural circuitry that is involved in behavioural flexibility.

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Brain dysfunction in anorexia nervosa: cause or consequence of under-nutrition?

Cited by 26 publications

References 53 publications

The Effect of Visual Capture Towards Subjective Embodiment Within the Full Body Illusion

The Effect of Visual Capture Towards Subjective Embodiment Within the Full Body Illusion

Visual scanning during emotion recognition in long‐term recovered anorexia nervosa: An eye‐tracking study

Implicit sequence learning in juvenile anorexia nervosa: neural mechanisms and the impact of starvation

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