Brain flexibility and balance and gait performances mark morphological and metabolic abnormalities in the elderly

Salem, Douraı̈ed Ben; Walker, Paul; Aho, Serge-Ludwig; Tavernier, Béatrice; Giroud, Maurice; Tzourio, Christophe; Ricolfi, F.; Brunotte, François

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2008.01.010

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In general, however, MRS studies have not identified sex differences in NAA levels (cortical gray matter [10,23,36,59,101,109,112], subcortical gray matter [23], supraventricular white matter [23,36,101,103], thalamus [59,101,112], hippocampus [36,59], cerebellum [101], or basal ganglia [8,36,59,112,134] but see [42]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies reported either significant [2,45,67,103] or negligible [1,9,24,42,43,64,100,115,119,122] age-related differences in NAA in healthy men and women. In some brain regions, there is evidence both for and against the vulnerability of NAA to age (e.g., frontal: for [16,38], against [20,22,46,56,109]; occipital: for [27], against [109,115]; and basal ganglia: for [22,46], against [6,8,134]), while in other brain regions, evidence is generally consistently for (temporal regions [2], hippocampus [38,118], and midbrain [84]) or consistently against (parietal white matter [46,65,78,115] and pons [30,84]) age-related compromise in NAA levels. Lower levels of striatal NAA with older age might reflect the vulnerability of the striatum to volume loss as suggested by results of in vivo structural imaging [13,44] and postmortem evaluation [107].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo glutamate measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy: behavioral correlates in aging

Zahr

Mayer

Rohlfing

et al. 2013

Neurobiology of Aging

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Summary Altered availability of the brain biochemical glutamate may contribute to the neural mechanisms underlying age-related changes in cognitive and motor functions. To investigate the contribution of regional glutamate levels to behavior in the aging brain, we used an in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) protocol optimized for glutamate detection in 3 brain regions targeted by cortical glutamatergic efferents—striatum, cerebellum, and pons. Data from 61 healthy men and women ranging in age from 20 – 86 years were used. Older age was associated with lower glutamate levels in the striatum, but not cerebellum or pons. Older age was also predictive of poorer performance on tests of visuomotor skills and balance. Low striatal glutamate levels were associated with high systolic blood pressure and worse performance on a complex visuomotor task, the Grooved Pegboard. These findings suggest that low brain glutamate levels are related to high blood pressure and that changes in brain glutamate levels might mediate the behavioral changes noted in normal aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo glutamate measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy: behavioral correlates in aging

Zahr

Mayer

Rohlfing

et al. 2013

Neurobiology of Aging

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“…Various pathophysiological mechanisms may underlie the found associations of OH with impaired physical functioning, though the present study does not demonstrate these. White matter brain lesions are associated with OH (Aoki et al, 2013;Ben Salem et al, 2008;Starr et al, 2003) and may lead to impaired balance (Aoki et al, 2013;Demain et al, 2014). They are also associated with cognitive impairment (David et al, 2016;Malek et al, 2016), which might be an intermediate factor between OH and impaired ADL performance, as cognitive impairment is associated with both OH and impaired ADL performance (Bocti et al, 2017;Centi et al, 2017;De Vriendt et al, 2015;Dodge et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2017;Mehrabian et al, 2010;Sands et al, 2002).…”

Section: Potential Pathophysiological Mechanisms Involvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OH may negatively affect physical functioning (e.g. balance, gait characteristics, walking speed, exercise tolerance and activities of daily living (ADL)) in older adults through different mechanisms: 1) acute decreased brain perfusion and oxygenation within minutes after postural change (Mager, 2012); 2) chronic brain pathology, such as brain atrophy, microbleeds and white matter brain lesions (Aoki et al, 2013;Ben Salem et al, 2008;Starr et al, 2003); 3) impaired muscle microcirculation, causing poor muscle endurance and pain in neck, buttock and calf muscles (Bleasdale- Barr and Mathias, 1998;Degens et al, 2006;Humm et al, 2011;Robbins et al, 2011). Therefore, OH may cause deterioration of physical functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthostatic hypotension and physical functioning in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mol

Reijnierse

Hoang

et al. 2018

Ageing Research Reviews

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Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) may negatively affect physical functioning and aggravate morbidities, but existing evidence is contradictory. Methods: MEDLINE (from 1946), PubMed (from 1966) and EMBASE databases (from 1947) were systematically searched for studies on the association of OH and physical functioning in older adults, categorized as: balance, gait characteristics, walking speed, Timed Up and Go time, handgrip strength (HGS), physical frailty, exercise tolerance, physical activity, activities of daily living (ADL), and performance on the Hoehn and Yahr scale (HY) and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: Forty-two studies were included in the systematic review (29,421 individuals) and 29 studies in the meta-analyses (23,879 individuals). Sixteen out of 42 studies reported a significant association of OH with worse physical functioning. Meta-analysis showed a significant association of OH with impaired balance, ADL performance and HY/UPDRS III performance, but not with gait characteristics, mobility, walking speed, TUG, HGS, physical frailty, exercise tolerance, physical activity and UPDRS II performance. Conclusions: OH was associated with impaired balance, ADL performance and HY/UPDRS III performance, but not with other physical functioning categories. The results suggest that OH interventions could potentially improve some aspects of physical functioning.

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“…The signs and symptoms of body balance change can crop up when there is a conflict in the integration of vestibular information, appearing upon rotational dizziness (vertigo) and/or the non-rotational 2 . The physical decline associated with this movement seems to be associated with aging and to non-transmissible chronic diseases 3 , 4 , 5 . In this case, changes associated with aging of the psychomotor, sensorimotor and neuromuscular systems cause the appearance of postural balance problems, thus increasing the risk of falls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilíbrio dinâmico, estilo de vida e estados emocionais em adultos jovens

Cruz¹,

Barreto²,

Fronza³

et al. 2010

Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.)

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A one hypothesis to explain some vestibular peripheral disorders is their association with life style. Thus, studies with young adults are relevant.Aim: to analyze the prevalence of dynamic balance alterations in young adults and their possible association with life style variables, health and negative emotional states (since they can impact the outcome). Materials and Methods:we carried out a non-probabilistic cross-sectional, clinical-retrospective study with young adults (18-32 years of age) from a university with 751 individuals, with a mean age of 22.45± 3.32 years. Life style, health and negative emotional states (NES) variables -depression, stress and anxiety, were collected by means of an interview. The Unterberger test was used in order to check for indications of dynamic balance alterations. Individuals with altered dynamic balance (ADB) were compared to those without these alterations (controls).Results: From our sample, 642 (83.6%) had less than 45º of deviation, while 109 (14.2%) had greater than 45º deviation and were the considered with ADB. The ADB group had a greater prevalence of smoking, alcohol abuse/dependence, high blood pressure and NES.Conclusion: the study highlights the occurrence of ADB which needs to be corroborated in future studies. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(3):392-8. ORIGINAL ARTICLE BJORL

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Brain flexibility and balance and gait performances mark morphological and metabolic abnormalities in the elderly

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

In vivo glutamate measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy: behavioral correlates in aging

In vivo glutamate measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy: behavioral correlates in aging

Orthostatic hypotension and physical functioning in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Equilíbrio dinâmico, estilo de vida e estados emocionais em adultos jovens

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