Brain functional alterations in Type 2 Diabetes – A systematic review of fMRI studies

Macpherson, Helen; Formica, Melissa; Harris, Elizabeth; Daly, Robin M.

doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.07.001

Cited by 89 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Furthermore, the loss of brain volume has been described in patients with diabetes, particularly in regions of the hippocampus, thalamus, and cerebellar area 42 . Meta-analysis identified reduced resting-state brain activity in all brain regions in individuals with type 2 diabetes 43 be one of the main complications of diabetes, according to the current recommendations for good practice in the care of individuals with diabetes, it has become important to perform cognitive screening or cognitive assessment of these individuals 13,44,45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between diabetes and cognitive function at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA- Brasil)

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Barreto

et al. 2020

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Diabetes has been associated with cognitive changes and an increased risk of vascular dementia andAlzheimer's disease, but it is unclear whether there are associations between diabetes and early alterations in cognitive performance. The present study consisted of a cross-section analysis of 14,444 participants aged 35-74 years and from a developing country at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil); these participants were recruited between 2008 and 2010. We investigated whether there was an association between diabetes and early changes in the cognitive performance of this Brazilian population. To assess cognitive domains, we used the word-list learning, word-list delayed recall and word recognition tests along. Phonemic verbal fluency tests included semantic phonemic test (animals) and a phonemic test (words beginning with the letter f). executive functions associated with attention, concentration and psychomotor speed were evaluated using the Trail Making Test B. The exposure variable in the study was defined as diabetes. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the association between diabetes and cognitive performance. the results were adjusted for age, sex, education, hypertension, coronary disease, depression, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and the cholesterol/HDL-C ratio. We found a significant association between diabetes and decreased memory, language and executive function (attention, concentration and psychomotor speed) performance in this population from a country with a distinct epidemiological profile, even after adjusting for the main intervening variables.The world population is ageing, and the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases associated with age is increasing. Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) has been associated with cognitive changes and an increased risk of vascular dementia 1 and Alzheimer's disease 2 . The number of people diagnosed with diabetes worldwide is approximately 422 million individuals 3 . Cognitive dysfunction in individuals with diabetes can result from interactions between inherent metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, and micro-and macrovascular complications, in addition to hypertension, dyslipidaemia, depression and obesity 4-7 . The precise mechanisms involved in degenerative diseases in patients with diabetes are unknown and not fully understood; thus, they are considered quite complex and dynamic 8 .Some studies show a worse performance in cognitive tests among patients with diabetes than among individuals without diabetes, with deficits in several domains, especially executive function, memory, psychomotor speed and attention 9,10 . A systematic review that included case-control and population-based studies showed that the risk of overall cognitive dysfunction was increased in people with diabetes in five of seven cohorts. In addition, the association of decreased cognitive performance in one or more domains in was reported in 13 of the 20 cross-sectional studies and in five of t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between diabetes and cognitive function at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA- Brasil)

Teixeira

Passos

Barreto

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Because EA is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric disease. Moreover, cognition and brain function have been reported to be associated with cardiometabolic diseases (28)(29)(30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Cao

Cui

2020

Front. Public Health

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Background: Observational studies showed that educational attainment (EA) is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, but the long interval between exposure and outcome makes it difficult to infer causality. We herein used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal effects of EA on adiposity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods:A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Seventy-four instrumental variables (IVs) were used to determine the causal effect of EA on cardiometabolic diseases. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to detect the pleiotropy of the IVs.Results: Using the MR approach, we found that each additional year in EA is associated with a reduction in the body mass index (BMI) (β −0.17 [95% CI −0.23, −0.10], P = 8.85 × 10 −7 ), a 39% reduction in the odds of having T2D (OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.50, 0.75], P = 1.16 × 10 −6 ), and a 36% reduction in the odds of having CAD (OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.55, 0.75], P = 2.38 × 10 −8 ) at the Bonferroni-adjusted level of significance.Conclusion: Our findings suggest a causal role of EA on the cardiometabolic diseases including adiposity, T2D, and CAD.

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“…Brain imaging studies have documented reduced gray matter volumes and white matter integrity in multiple brain regions, and reduced functional connectivity between brain regions in obese individuals, particularly those with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance (Debette et al, 2014; Janowitz et al, 2015; Kullmann et al, 2015). Generally similar abnormalities in brain structure and neuronal network connectivity occur in individuals with type 2 diabetes (Macpherson et al, 2017). Even among individuals who are not obese, higher body mass index is associated with perturbed resting state connectivity in the DMN and sensory-motor networks (Beyer et al, 2017; Doucet et al, 2018).…”

Section: Metabolic Factors Can Accelerate or Decelerate Brain Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Adaptive and Pathological Modification by Metabolic States

2018

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During aging, the cellular milieu of the brain exhibits tell-tale signs of compromised bioenergetics, impaired adaptive neuroplasticity and resilience, aberrant neuronal network activity, dysregulation of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis, the accrual of oxidatively modified molecules and organelles, and inflammation. These alterations render the aging brain vulnerable to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases and stroke. Emerging findings are revealing mechanisms by which sedentary overindulgent lifestyles accelerate brain aging, whereas lifestyles that include intermittent bioenergetic challenges (exercise, fasting, and intellectual challenges) foster healthy brain aging. Here we provide an overview of the cellular and molecular biology of brain aging, how those processes interface with disease-specific neurodegenerative pathways, and how metabolic states influence brain health.

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Brain functional alterations in Type 2 Diabetes – A systematic review of fMRI studies

Cited by 89 publications

References 78 publications

Association between diabetes and cognitive function at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA- Brasil)

Association between diabetes and cognitive function at baseline in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA- Brasil)

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Adaptive and Pathological Modification by Metabolic States

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