Brain gyrification index in schizophrenia (review, systematic review and meta-analysis)

Zakharova, Natalia; Mamedova, Galina S.; Bravve, L. V.; Kaydan, Maria A.; Syunyakov, Timur; Kostyuk, Georgiy; Ushakov, Vadim L.

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2021.06.097

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The only meta-analysis of GI studies to date found a lower local GI in schizophrenia patients than controls in fronto-temporal regions with a small effect size (Hedges’ g = −0.2) [ 21 ]. However, it included data from just six cross-sectional patient cohorts, partly because it only included studies published between 2010 and 2020, and it should be recognised that studies not included have found evidence for higher GI in schizophrenia [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging in schizophrenia: an overview of findings and their implications for synaptic changes

Howes

Cummings

Chapman

et al. 2022

Neuropsychopharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last five decades, a large body of evidence has accrued for structural and metabolic brain alterations in schizophrenia. Here we provide an overview of these findings, focusing on measures that have traditionally been thought to reflect synaptic spine density or synaptic activity and that are relevant for understanding if there is lower synaptic density in the disorder. We conducted literature searches to identify meta-analyses or other relevant studies in patients with chronic or first-episode schizophrenia, or in people at high genetic or clinical risk for psychosis. We identified 18 meta-analyses including over 50,000 subjects in total, covering: structural MRI measures of gyrification index, grey matter volume, grey matter density and cortical thickness, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, PET imaging of regional glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of N-acetylaspartate. We also review preclinical evidence on the relationship between ex vivo synaptic measures and structural MRI imaging, and PET imaging of synaptic protein 2A (SV2A). These studies show that schizophrenia is associated with lower grey matter volumes and cortical thickness, accelerated grey matter loss over time, abnormal gyrification patterns, and lower regional SV2A levels and metabolic markers in comparison to controls (effect sizes from ~ −0.11 to −1.0). Key regions affected include frontal, anterior cingulate and temporal cortices and the hippocampi. We identify several limitations for the interpretation of these findings in terms of understanding synaptic alterations. Nevertheless, taken with post-mortem findings, they suggest that schizophrenia is associated with lower synaptic density in some brain regions. However, there are several gaps in evidence, in particular whether SV2A findings generalise to other cohorts.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging in schizophrenia: an overview of findings and their implications for synaptic changes

Howes

Cummings

Chapman

et al. 2022

Neuropsychopharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Early brain development can be studied in vivo in patients using MRI techniques that measure the gyrification index, a metric that quantifies the amount of cortex buried within the sulcal fold. Formation of gyri during early brain development underlies compact wiring (24) and is reflected in a higher gyrification index in adulthood, which has been shown to be lower in patients with schizophrenia compared to controls (25). Specifically, patients have been reported to have reduced folding of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (25,26), and other alterations suggesting impaired gyral formation in frontal cortex (27,28).…”

Section: Imaging Evidence For Aberrant Neurodevelopment In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formation of gyri during early brain development underlies compact wiring (24) and is reflected in a higher gyrification index in adulthood, which has been shown to be lower in patients with schizophrenia compared to controls (25). Specifically, patients have been reported to have reduced folding of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (25,26), and other alterations suggesting impaired gyral formation in frontal cortex (27,28). As the gyrification index is determined during early development and remains stable in adulthood (24), these findings likely reflect early developmental abnormalities.…”

Section: Imaging Evidence For Aberrant Neurodevelopment In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating the Neurodevelopmental and Dopamine Hypotheses of Schizophrenia and the Role of Cortical Excitation-Inhibition Balance

Howes

Shatalina

2022

Biological Psychiatry

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In the meta-analysis [ 59 ], one can find a detailed overview of the current state of using gyrification index as a biomarker of schizophrenia. The analysis of insular cortex surface in patients with first-episode schizophrenia not receiving medication therapy made it possible to find the correlation between the gyrification of the cortex and presence of delusion and hallucinations [ 60 ].…”

Section: Section 2 Biomarkers Of Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Based on the Data of Various Modalities: Biomarkers and Machine Learning Techniques (Review)

Sharaev¹,

Malashenkova²,

Maslennikova³

et al. 2022

Sovrem Tehnol Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia is a socially significant mental disorder resulting frequently in severe forms of disability. Diagnosis, choice of treatment tactics, and rehabilitation in clinical psychiatry are mainly based on the assessment of behavioral patterns, socio-demographic data, and other investigations such as clinical observations and neuropsychological testing including examination of patients by the psychiatrist, self-reports, and questionnaires. In many respects, these data are subjective and therefore a large number of works have appeared in recent years devoted to the search for objective characteristics (indices, biomarkers) of the processes going on in the human body and reflected in the behavioral and psychoneurological patterns of patients. Such biomarkers are based on the results of instrumental and laboratory studies (neuroimaging, electro-physiological, biochemical, immunological, genetic, and others) and are successfully being used in neurosciences for understanding the mechanisms of the emergence and development of nervous system pathologies.

show abstract

Brain gyrification index in schizophrenia (review, systematic review and meta-analysis)

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Neuroimaging in schizophrenia: an overview of findings and their implications for synaptic changes

Neuroimaging in schizophrenia: an overview of findings and their implications for synaptic changes

Integrating the Neurodevelopmental and Dopamine Hypotheses of Schizophrenia and the Role of Cortical Excitation-Inhibition Balance

Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Based on the Data of Various Modalities: Biomarkers and Machine Learning Techniques (Review)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About