Brain MRI in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Kellner, Charles H.; Jolley, Robert R.; Holgate, Richard C.; Austin, Linda; Lydiard, R. Bruce; Laraia, Michele; Ballenger, James C.

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(91)90116-7

Cited by 115 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…39,40 One possible explanation for our negative finding could be related to the lack of sensitivity of our MRI measure for detecting subtle neuronal loss or other abnormalities specifically in the anterior cingulate as compared with other measures such as 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of N-acetylaspartate, which have identified abnormalities of this region in patients with OCD. 60 Because most patients with OCD in this study had a long duration of symptoms prior to seeking treatment, the possibility of reduced brain volumes or abnormal asymmetry reflecting a neurodegenerative process occurring sometime during the first few years of symptoms cannot be entirely ruled out.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 66%

Orbital Frontal and Amygdala Volume Reductions in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Szeszko¹,

Robinson²,

Alvir³

et al. 1999

Arch Gen Psychiatry

328

193

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 66%

Orbital Frontal and Amygdala Volume Reductions in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Szeszko¹,

Robinson²,

Alvir³

et al. 1999

Arch Gen Psychiatry

328

193

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show abstract

“…93 Interestingly, children who score highly on the repetitive behaviours domain of the ADI-R are more likely to have fathers with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 94 and people with OCD have bigger striatal regions than controls. [95][96][97] However, just as for studies of autism spectrum disorders, there are inconsistencies in the ROI literature on OCD with smaller 98,99 or no 100 size increases in the caudate nucleus but a lower globus pallidus volume in treatment-naïve patients. 100 The direction and location of volume changes in the basal ganglia reported in studies of Asperger syndrome and autism were wholly distinct.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Asperger syndrome be distinguished from autism? An anatomic likelihood meta-analysis of MRI studies

Cheung

Chua

et al. 2011

jpn

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“…Nevertheless, Luxenberg et al did find smaller caudate nuclei in the OCD patient group relative to controls. Kellner et al (1991), in contrast, reported no difference between OCD patient and control subjects on a number of volumetric measures, including caudate nucleus size.…”

Section: Structural Brain Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Issues surrounding the cognitive neuroscience of obsessive-compulsive disorder

Wilson

1998

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been studied extensively in recent years, with increased emphasis on understanding OCD's biological substrates. There has been significant progress in documenting abnormal brain function in OCD patients, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus. Similar progress has broadened our understanding of the cognitive and behavioral manifestations of the disorder, including deficits in set shifting, hyperattention, and visuospatial construction abilities. Unfortunately, these results have not been replicated consistently. This report comprises a review of previous attempts to characterize the neurobiology and neuropsychology of OCD, and a discussion of several factors in OCD research that can help to explain previous inconsistencies.Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a relatively common form of psychopathology with a lifetime prevalence of2%-3% (Robins et al., 1984). Although the anatomical and behavioral regularities of the disorder have been studied extensively over the past 20 years, there has been relatively little success in the attempt to establish how the former give rise to the latter. Popular models of OCD have drawn upon a variety of disciplines, including learning theory (Mowrer, 1960), cybernetics (Pitman, 1987) and psychoanalysis (Fenichel, 1945). Often, however, these models have had relatively little to say about the dysfunctional aspects of the OCD brain. This is due in part to the fact that, until recently, the neuroanatomical substrates ofOCD were poorly understood. Although OCD researchers had long suspected the involvement of the frontal cortex and basal ganglia in OCD neuropathology, there was little empirical evidence to support such claims. Only through the use ofmodern neuroimaging techniques have many of these suspicions been confirmed.Neurobiological studies ofOCD have produced a wealth of data, but the inability to consistently replicate results has left many questions unanswered. Neuropsychological studies have similarly generated much information, but with equal uncertainty. An adequate theory ofOCD must integrate the findings from each of these two disciplines, but any such integration would be premature at the moment, given the variability present within each. The goal of this review is therefore not to provide an all-encompassing theory ofOCD expression, but rather to delineate several factors that may explain the discrepancies among previous studies of OCD. Consideration of these factors will help clarify the relevant neurobiological and neuropsycho-

show abstract

Brain MRI in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Cited by 115 publications

References 15 publications

Orbital Frontal and Amygdala Volume Reductions in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Orbital Frontal and Amygdala Volume Reductions in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Can Asperger syndrome be distinguished from autism? An anatomic likelihood meta-analysis of MRI studies

Issues surrounding the cognitive neuroscience of obsessive-compulsive disorder

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