Brain Network Mechanisms of General Intelligence

Sripada, Chandra; Angstadt, Mike; Rutherford, Saige; Taxali, Aman

doi:10.1101/657205

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…For example, a recent large-scale study using the UK Biobank dataset (n=~30,000) reported that total brain volume, as well as multiple global measures of grey and white matter macro-and microstructure (especially, in older participants), explained substantial variance in fluid intelligence (Cox et al, 2019). Another large-scale study used the Human Connectome Project dataset (n=920) to show that the strength of functional dissociation between the MD network and the default mode network (DMN) (Power et al, 2011) during an n-back working memory task explains substantial variance (~25%) in IQ scores (Sripada et al, 2019), similar to the current study, although the same measure extracted from two other executive tasks (also in the HCP dataset) explained only ~10% of variance in IQ scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The copyright holder for this preprint (which was this version posted September 6, 2019. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/110270 doi: bioRxiv preprint belong to an extended MD network) and the default mode network (DMN) (Lipp et al, 2012;Smith et al, 2015;Sripada et al, 2019), and with the strength of synchronization among non-MD brain regions (Dubois et al, 2018;Hilger et al, 2017). These apparently discrepant results could reflect the complexity of the brainbehavior relationship in the domain of executive abilities, with perhaps multiple underlying cognitive constructs and neural mechanisms contributing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activity in the fronto-parietal multiple-demand network is robustly associated with individual differences in working memory and fluid intelligence

Assem

Blank

Mineroff

et al. 2020

Cortex

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Numerous brain lesion and fMRI studies have linked individual differences in executive abilities and fluid intelligence to brain regions of the fronto-parietal "multiple-demand" (MD) network. Yet, fMRI studies have yielded conflicting evidence as to whether better executive abilities are associated with stronger or weaker MD activations and whether this relationship is restricted to the MD network. Here, in a large-sample (n=216) fMRI investigation, we found that stronger activity in MD regionsfunctionally defined in individual participantswas robustly associated with more accurate and faster responses on a spatial working memory task performed in the scanner, as well as fluid intelligence measured independently (n=114). In line with some prior claims about a relationship between language and fluid intelligence, we also found a weak association between activity in the brain regions of the left fronto-temporal language network during an independent passive reading task, and performance on the working memory task.However, controlling for the level of MD activity abolished this relationship, whereas the MD activity-behavior association remained highly reliable after controlling for the level of activity in the language network. Finally, we demonstrate how unreliable MD activity measures, coupled with small sample sizes, could falsely lead to the opposite, negative, association that has been reported in some prior studies. Taken together, these results align well with lesion studies demonstrating that a core component of individual differences variance in executive abilities and fluid intelligence is selectively and robustly positively associated with the level of activity in the MD network..

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity in the fronto-parietal multiple-demand network is robustly associated with individual differences in working memory and fluid intelligence

Assem

Blank

Mineroff

et al. 2020

Cortex

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The highly creative brain shows a fine balance between integration and segregation of control networks and DMN, while the less creative brain is dominated by motor and visual processing (Zhuang et al, 2021). Moreover, individuals with strong and flexible connectivity between executive networks and DMN score more highly on tests of intelligence (Sripada et al, 2019) and produce more creative ideas (Beaty et al, 2015; 2016; 2014; 2017; 2019). SCN regions are argued to be important for the interaction between executive and DMN regions, because they fall at the juxtaposition of DMN and MDN (Wang et al, 2020); SCN is unique in showing shared intrinsic and structural connectivity to both DMN and MDN which are often anti-correlated (Davey et al, 2016).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Creativity in Verbal Associations is Linked to Semantic Control

Krieger-Redwood

Steward

Gao

et al. 2022

Preprint

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While memory is known to play a key role in creativity, previous studies have not isolated the critical component processes and networks. We asked participants to generate links between words that ranged from strongly related to completely unrelated in long-term memory, delineating the neurocognitive processes that underpin more unique versus stereotypical patterns of retrieval. Less creative responses to strongly associated word pairs were associated with greater engagement of episodic memory: in highly familiar situations, semantic and episodic stores converge on the same information. This pattern of retrieval was associated with greater engagement of core default mode network. In contrast, more creative responses to weakly associated word pairs were associated with the controlled retrieval of less dominant semantic information and greater recruitment of the semantic control network, which overlaps with the dorsomedial subsystem of default mode network. Consequently, although both creative/controlled and stereotypical/more automatic patterns of retrieval are associated with activation within default mode network, these processes show little overlap in activation. These findings show that creativity emerges from controlled aspects of semantic cognition.

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“…General Cognitive Ability (GCA) scores were computed by fitting a bifactor model to behavioral tasks from the NIH toolbox, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task, the WISC-V, and the "Little Man" task (66). GCA factor scores were generated using expected a posteriori scoring (67).…”

Section: Criterion Variables: Neurocognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity Within Youth With Childhood-Onset Conduct Disorder in the ABCD Study

et al. 2021

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The purpose of this study was to examine if personality traits can be used to characterize subgroups of youth diagnosed with childhood-onset conduct disorder (CD). Participants were 11,552 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Data used in this report came from doi: 10.15154/1504041 (M age 9.92; 45.3% female, 49.6% white, 19.0% Hispanic). A subset of this sample (n = 365) met criteria for CD. Latent profile analyses (LPA) were performed on this subgroup (n = 365) to define profiles of individuals with CD based on self-report measures of impulsivity, punishment sensitivity, reward response, and callous-unemotional traits. Follow up analyses determined if these groups differed on clinically relevant variables including psychopathology, environmental risk factors, social risk factors, and neurocognitive functioning. Participants with a CD diagnosis scored significantly higher on psychological, environmental, social, and neurocognitive risk factors. The LPA revealed three unique profiles, which differed significantly on liability for broad psychopathology and domain-specific liability for externalizing psychopathology but were largely matched on environmental and social risk factors. These unique configurations provide a useful way to further parse clinically relevant subgroups within youth who meet criteria for childhood-onset CD, setting the stage for prospective longitudinal research using these latent profiles to better understand the development of youth with childhood-onset CD.

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Brain Network Mechanisms of General Intelligence

Cited by 11 publications

References 116 publications

Activity in the fronto-parietal multiple-demand network is robustly associated with individual differences in working memory and fluid intelligence

Activity in the fronto-parietal multiple-demand network is robustly associated with individual differences in working memory and fluid intelligence

Creativity in Verbal Associations is Linked to Semantic Control

Heterogeneity Within Youth With Childhood-Onset Conduct Disorder in the ABCD Study

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