Brain photoreceptors for the photo-induced testicular response in birds

Oliver, J; Baylé, J.D.

doi:10.1007/bf01955346

Cited by 79 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although we failed to detect opsin gene expression in the septal region, it is important to bear in mind that local illumination of the septal region of the telencephalon also induces testicular growth (1,8). Because nucleotide sequences are higly conserved between chicken and quail, chicken and quail probes are widely used for both species in methods such as Northern hybridization, Southern hybridization, in situ hybridization, chromosomal mapping using FISH, and microarrays (17,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In addition to the photoreceptive retina and pineal organ, nonmammalian vertebrates are known to have additional photoreceptors that mediate seasonal changes in physiology and behavior (1). In 1911, Karl von Frisch first reported evidence for the existence of deep brain photoreceptors that mediate skin color changes in minnows (Phoxinus laevis) (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removing the eyes and/or pineal gland from quail does not influence the photoperiodic response (7). In contrast, local illumination of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) or septal region of the telencephalon leads to gonadal growth, suggesting the existence of deep brain photoreceptors in these regions (1,8). In 1985, Foster et al and Foster and Follett reported an action spectrum for the photoperiodic responses of quail and suggested the possible involvement of rhodopsin-like photoreceptors (9,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds

Nakane

Ikegami

Ono

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

267

242

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It has been known for many decades that nonmammalian vertebrates detect light by deep brain photoreceptors that lie outside the retina and pineal organ to regulate seasonal cycle of reproduction. However, the identity of these photoreceptors has so far remained unclear. Here we report that Opsin 5 is a deep brain photoreceptive molecule in the quail brain. Expression analysis of members of the opsin superfamily identified as Opsin 5 (OPN5; also known as Gpr136, Neuropsin, PGR12, and TMEM13) mRNA in the paraventricular organ (PVO), an area long believed to be capable of phototransduction. Immunohistochemistry identified Opsin 5 in neurons that contact the cerebrospinal fluid in the PVO, as well as fibers extending to the external zone of the median eminence adjacent to the pars tuberalis of the pituitary gland, which translates photoperiodic information into neuroendocrine responses. Heterologous expression of Opsin 5 in Xenopus oocytes resulted in light-dependent activation of membrane currents, the action spectrum of which showed peak sensitivity (λ max ) at ∼420 nm. We also found that short-wavelength light, i.e., between UV-B and blue light, induced photoperiodic responses in eye-patched, pinealectomized quail. Thus, Opsin 5 appears to be one of the deep brain photoreceptive molecules that regulates seasonal reproduction in birds.circadian rhythms | Japanese quail | photoperiodism | paraventricular organ | cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neuron

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds

Nakane

Ikegami

Ono

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

267

242

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“…A most accepted explanation for the wavelengthdependent effects is that the number of photons received by the photoreceptors at different wavelengths is different: greater the number of photons available larger is the effect [32]. At equal energy level, the number of photons at long wavelengths is greater than at short wavelengths and, also, the penetration through tissues, hence access to brain photoreceptors, of long wavelengths is far more fast than of short wavelengths [2,8,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of light wavelength on reproductive photorefractoriness in migratory blackheaded bunting (Emberiza melanocephala)

et al. 2001

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-There are two effects of long day length on reproductive responses in birds, one is the photoinduction of gonadal growth and maturation and the other is the induction of gonadal regression and photorefractoriness. Although it is likely that the same photoreceptors are involved in the photoinduction of gonadal growth and the onset and maintenance of photorefractoriness, and so the influence of wavelength should be similar, this has not been investigated. Therefore, we investigated the influence of light wavelength on reproductive photorefractoriness in the migratory male blackheaded bunting held under long photoperiods. In mid May, when photoperiod was approximately 14L:10D (14 hours light:10 hours darkness), eight groups of sexually mature birds were moved indoors on an artificial photoperiod of 14L:10D (L -450 lux, D -0 lux). Then after 3 weeks, for six groups, a 4-h light period in the morning (zt 0-4; zt 0 [zeitgeber time 0] refers to the beginning of lights-on period) or in the evening (zt 10-14) was substituted with green (428 nm), red (654 nm) or white light at 16 ± 2 lux intensity. Of the remaining two groups, one was maintained on 14L:10D and the other transferred to 10L:14D; these served as controls. At the end of 4 weeks, all birds were found to have undergone testicular regression, irrespective of LD cycle they were exposed to. When these gonadally regressed birds were subjected to 16L:8D for another 4 weeks, to test their responsiveness to the stimulatory effects of long day lengths, only those exposed to 10L:14D and 14L:10D with a 4-h green light period showed testicular regrowth. On the other hand, birds exposed to 14L:10D with a 4-h white or red light period remained fully regressed, similar to 14L:10D controls. Except for some individual difference, there was no difference in response between the groups that received a 4-h light period in the morning and that received it in the evening. These results suggest that the wavelengths of light influence induction of buntings from the photosensitive state into the photorefractory state. Whereas the short light wavelengths facilitated recovery from the photorefractoriness, the long light wavelengths were more effective in maintaining the photorefractoriness.bunting / photoperiod / photosensitivity / testis / wavelength Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 277-284 277

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“…diurnal patterns, intensity, spectrum), the hypothalamus produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is transported through the pituitary portal and stimulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion at anterior pituitary. Follicle-stimulating hormone and LH reach the chicken's ovaries through blood circulation, promoting follicle development and maturation (Oliver et al, 1982;Kuenzel, 1993). Lighting intensity and spectrum have been shown to influence hen behavior (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Light-emitting Diode (LED) vs. Fluorescent (FL) Lighting in Commercial Aviary Hen Houses

Long¹,

Zhao²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting

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In this ongoing study, indoor environment, production performance, egg quality, and some welfare aspects of laying hens in two commercial aviary houses installed with light-emitting diode (LED) lights are compared with those in two aviary houses of similar hen age with fluorescent (FL) lights. To date the study (covering 18 -44 weeks of hen age) shows the following preliminary results. The daily mean temperature and relative humidity (RH) in all houses were generally maintained within 20-25°C and 50-80%, respectively. The holders of LED and FL light bulbs had similar temperatures, approximately 40°C. There were no significant differences in hen production performance parameters between the LED and FL houses. Egg weight, yolk weight, yolk percentage and yolk color factor increased as hen age increased. The Haugh unit (HU) values of fresh eggs in all four houses at 27 and 40 weeks of age were 90 or higher, i.e., much greater than the "AA grade" egg threshold of 72.

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Brain photoreceptors for the photo-induced testicular response in birds

Cited by 79 publications

References 34 publications

A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds

A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds

The influence of light wavelength on reproductive photorefractoriness in migratory blackheaded bunting (Emberiza melanocephala)

Comparative Evaluation of Light-emitting Diode (LED) vs. Fluorescent (FL) Lighting in Commercial Aviary Hen Houses

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