“…These techniques can modulate neuroplasticity by inducing changes in cortical excitability and connectivity, offering potential avenues for ameliorating symptoms associated with conditions such as depression, schizophrenia (SCZ), and chronic pain [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Research indicates that NIBS holds promise for enhancing cognitive function, alleviating mood disturbances, and reducing pain perception by targeting specific brain regions implicated in these processes [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Moreover, combining NIBS with cognitive training, psychotherapy, or pharmacotherapy may enhance treatment outcomes synergistically [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”