Brain Topography of Emf-Induced Eeg-Changes in Restful Wakefulness: Tracing Current Effects, Targeting Future Prospects

Abstract

At present, the general protocol of a typical study includes investigations on adults (20-60 yrs) grouped in smaller samples and exposed to shorter intervals of GSM-like pulse-modulated signal (10-30 subjects/minutes). The assessment usually involves linear methods for quantitative analysis, while the results mostly revolve around posterior increase in alpha and beta frequency range. The qualitative variations, however, remain open to interpretation. Future research may benefit from multiplication of sub-specific studies leading to replication of more consistent results. The long-term and large-size epidemiologic studies, stratified by age and gender, may also improve the expected outcomes. Regarding the interpretation, non-linear methods could be employed for assessment of individual variations. The emphasis should be placed on theories/measures for better understanding of the subtle interplay between the spectral individualities and mobile phone radiation specifics.

Short-term radiofrequency exposure from new generation mobile phones reduces EEG alpha power with no effects on cognitive performance

“…Although scalp-measured EEG is the result of spatiotemporal summation of a plethora of cellular level processes, decades of research suggest that it can still provide rich and valuable information of the neurophysiological processes underlying healthy and pathological brain function 38–40 . A recent review article about the effects of EMF on resting EEG 41 covered 36 experiments (minimum criteria for inclusion were randomised, single-blind studies with crossover procedure, and mostly involved GSM MPs) where MP-EMF effects were tested on resting wakeful EEG in healthy humans, 72% of which confirmed the existence of the EMF-EEG relationship, most prominently in the alpha (8–12 Hz) frequency band. Most of these studies involved the second-generation (2G) MP technology, the methodologies were very heterogeneous and the results were hard to reconcile.…”

Putative Involvement of Endocrine Disruptors in the Alzheimer's Disease Via the Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase/GLUT4 Pathway

“…Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and consequent memory loss [ 1 ]. Pathological characteristics of AD embrace amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation, which are caused by deposits of Aß fragments, hyperphosphorylated TAU protein, as well as an important activation of microglia and astrocytes, respectively [ 2 ]. However, as Walker and Harrison state [ 3 ], a variety of studies are emerging suggesting a bidirectional relationship between brain dysfunction associated with AD and type 2 diabetes (DMTII), substantially increasing the prevalence of both in recent decades.…”