Brain Toxicokinetics of Prometryne in Mice

Abstract

Prometryne is a methylthio-s-triazine herbicide. Signifi cant trace amounts are found in the environment, mainly in water, soil, and food plants. The aim of this study was to establish brain and blood prometryne levels after single oral dose (1 g kg -1 ) in adult male and female mice. Prometryne was measured using the GC/MS assay at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h after prometryne administration. Peak brain and blood prometryne values were observed 1 h after administration and they decreased in a time-dependent manner. Male mice had consistently higher brain and blood prometryne levels than female mice. The observed prometryne kinetics was similar to that reported for the structurally related herbicide atrazine.

Toxicity of environmental Gesagard to goldfish may be connected with induction of low intensity oxidative stress in concentration- and tissue-related manners

“…In phototrophic organisms, prometryn inhibits photosynthesis by acting as a photosystem II inhibitor and induces oxidative stress (Jiang and Yang, 2009). In non-target organisms, particularly mammals, the possible mechanisms of prometryn action include disruption of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (Brvar et al, 2008;Dikić et al, 2009a;Dikić et al, 2010). As shown previously, chronic oral exposure of mice to prometryn disrupted the operation of the immune system, markedly affecting lymph nodes and thymus, as well as altering blood biochemistry indicators (Dikić et al, 2009b;Dikić et al, 2010).…”