Brain Tumors in Children: Analysis of 136 Cases

Abramson, Norman S.; Raben, Milton; Cavanaugh, Patrick J.

doi:10.1148/112.3.669

Cited by 50 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The classic presentation is rapidly progressive brain stem dysfunction -usually multiple, long tract cranial nerve and cerebellar dysfunction -in a child aged 5-8 years [32], The sixth and seventh cranial nerves are most often involved, and in 70% of cases the involvements are mul tiple and/or bilateral. The age of onset, clinical presen tation, and the amount of brain stem involvement is quite variable [1,3,6,10,13,14,17,18,29,36,38,39,41,[45][46][47][48]50]. Adolescents and adults are more likely to present with a slower onset of symptoms and more iso lated brain stem dysfunction.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modern neurodiagnostic imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis for oligoclonal bands and protein identification, and techniques for the isolation of viruses have reduced the likelihood of misdiagnosis, which may account for the lower survival figures in more recent series [6,20,46]. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy for brain stem glio ma is of unproven value, and the use of chemotherapy before radiation therapy does not appear to improve survival compared with conventional fractionated radi ation therapy alone [20,28], While a clear dose response to radiation has not been established for brain stem glioma, most authors agree that a minimum dose of 5,000 cGy is advisable [1,3,20,21], In their important paper, Walker et al [51] clearly showed that survival of patients with supratentorial gliomas increases directly with doses of radiation until normal tissue toxicity is reached. Because radiation therapy is effective for short periods in most patients, and because the ability to deliver larger doses of radia tion might improve survival, we investigated the use of hyperfractionated radiation therapy for brain stem glioma.…”

Section: Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lesions with these charac teristics are the exception, however, and most recurrent lesions are diffuse and surgical resection would be of lit tle or no benefit [13]. Chemotherapy may produce dis ease stabilization for weeks to months [15,40], and reir radiation has also been shown to produce short-term disease remission [1,22], There is no evidence that fur ther treatment with presently available modalities produces anything but short-term remission.…”

Section: Recurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gliomas that involve the brain stem constitute 10-20% of central nervous system tumors in children [1,23,26,32], Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment for most central nervous system tumors, the manage ment of brain stem gliomas remains controversial; for the majority of patients, the prognosis is quite poor. Although brain stem glioma is usually considered to be a single disease entity, there is in fact a group of tumors that have different prognoses and requirements for treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Current Management of Brain Stem Gliomas

Edwards¹,

Prados²

1987

Pediatr Neurosurg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brain stem gliomas constitute 10–20% of central nervous system tumors in children. Management of these tumors remains controversial. In general, the prognosis for long-term survival is poor, but brain stem gliomas represent a heterogeneous population of tumors, some of which have a better prognosis than others. Improvements in diagnostic imaging techniques, particularly the availability of magnetic resonance imaging, provide the means to differentiate among these populations. Advances in radiation therapy may provide the means to improve survival. In this article we review the reported series and the present state of the art for the diagnosis and management of children with brain stem gliomas.

show abstract

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current Management of Brain Stem Gliomas

Edwards¹,

Prados²

1987

Pediatr Neurosurg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,12,14) Poorly demarcated and diffusely infiltrating gliomas, that is`d iffuse type'' brainstem gliomas 4,8,13,25) or so-called`p ontine glioma,'' are thought to be biologically malignant irrespective of their histological gradings. Autopsy studies 6,7,20,22,23,32,33) have revealed that a substantial proportion of diffuse type brainstem gliomas were malignant, but the extent of tumor spread to the cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological Study of Diffuse Type Brainstem Gliomas: Analysis of 40 Autopsy Cases

Yoshimura

Onda

Tanaka

et al. 2003

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diffuse type brainstem glioma is one of the most malignant types of brain tumors and the prognosis is extremely poor. The proliferative potential of these tumors is presumed to be very high, but there is little information about the cell kinetics of brainstem glioma because surgical resection is rarely performed. The histological grade, tumor spread, growth potential, and prognosis were evaluated in 40 autopsy cases of diffuse type brainstem glioma. To quantify the growth potentials of individual tumors, the proliferating cell indices of Ki-67 (MIB-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) monoclonal antibodies were measured. Mean MIB-1 and PCNA proliferating cell indices were 20.4% (24 cases) and 37.0% (28 cases), respectively, in 34 glioblastomas. The median survival time was 40 weeks in 22 treated patients. The mean PCNA proliferating cell index was 10.8% in four of five anaplastic astrocytomas and the median survival time in four treated patients was 91 weeks. The MIB-1 and PCNA proliferating cell indices of one astrocytoma were 2.9% and 20.3%, respectively, and the survival time was 56 weeks. The overall median survival time was 32 weeks. There was a significant difference in PCNA proliferating cell indices between glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas (p º 0.05) and there was a significant difference in survival time between glioblastomas (40 weeks) and anaplastic astrocytomas plus astrocytoma (74 weeks) among the treated patients (p º 0.05). Supratentorial extension was more frequent in glioblastomas than in anaplastic astrocytomas (p º 0.05). Our results suggest that the majority of diffuse type brainstem gliomas are glioblastoma and the proliferative potential is probably as high as that of adult supratentorial glioblastoma. Supratentorial extension and dissemination are relatively frequent in the advanced stage. Anaplastic astrocytoma or astrocytoma is rarer and less infiltrative and proliferative, and carries a slightly better prognosis than glioblastoma.

show abstract

Assessment of the long-term effects of primary radiation. Therapy for brain tumors in children

Danoff

Cowchock

Marquette

et al. 1982

Cancer

281

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One-hundred-twelve children with primary brain tumors received definitive radiotherapy between the years 1958--1979. Sixty-nine patients were alive at intervals of 1--21 years. Thirty-eight patients underwent neurologic and endocrine evaluation, psychologic and intelligence testing, and assessement for second malignancy post-treatment. A second intracranial malignancy developed in one child, for an incidence of 1.6%. Performance status was good to excellent in 89% of the patients studied. Seventeen percent of the group were mentally retarded. Behavioral disorders were identified in 39% of the patients, 59% of the mothers, and 43% of the fathers. Of the 23 patients with nonparasellar tumors, six were found to have growth hormone deficiency, including two patients with panhypopituitarism. Disability was related to age under 3 years at the time of treatment and tumor extension to the hypothalamus.

show abstract

Brain Tumors in Children: Analysis of 136 Cases

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Current Management of Brain Stem Gliomas

Current Management of Brain Stem Gliomas

Clinicopathological Study of Diffuse Type Brainstem Gliomas: Analysis of 40 Autopsy Cases

Assessment of the long-term effects of primary radiation. Therapy for brain tumors in children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About