Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases

Tajiri, Kazuto; Shimizu, Yukihiro

doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7620

Cited by 184 publications

(166 citation statements)

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“…BCAA catabolic enzymes were markedly reduced in fat tissues of obese persons with metabolic syndrome compared with weight-matched healthy obese subjects. 28 In addition to diabetes, the three BCAAs have been found to be related to CVD, stroke, and liver function, [29][30][31] and these conditions are correlated with diabetes. [32][33][34] These observations underscore the importance of these amino acids in metabolic pathways, and their value in monitoring adverse metabolic changes warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Branched and Aromatic Amino Acids Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Hypertensive Patients

Weng

Quinlivan

Gong

et al. 2015

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Background: The three branched amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and two aromatic amino acids (tyrosine and phenylalanine) have been associated with many adverse metabolic pathways, including diabetes. However, these associations have been identified primarily in otherwise healthy Caucasian populations. We aimed to investigate the association of this five-amino-acid signature with metabolic syndrome and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in a hypertensive cohort of Caucasian and African Americans. Methods: We analyzed data from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) studies PEAR and PEAR2 conducted between 2005 and 2014. Subjects were enrolled at the University of Florida (Gainesville, FL), Emory University (Atlanta, GA), and Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN). A total of 898 patients with essential hypertension were included in this study. Presence of metabolic syndrome and IFG at baseline were determined on the basis of measurements of demographic and biochemical data. Levels of the five amino acids were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Results: With a multiple logistic regression model, we found that all five amino acids were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in both Caucasian and African Americans. IFG and the five amino acids were associated in the Caucasian Americans. Only valine was significantly associated with IFG in African Americans. Conclusion: In both Caucasian and African Americans with uncomplicated hypertension, plasma levels of the five-amino-acid signature are associated with metabolic syndrome. Additionally, in Caucasians we have confirmed the five-amino-acid signature was associated with IFG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Branched and Aromatic Amino Acids Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Hypertensive Patients

Weng

Quinlivan

Gong

et al. 2015

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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“…The BCAAs are widely used in clinical treatment, including for the treatment of metabolic stress, hepatic encephalopathy, and chronic renal failure, and the effect and mechanism BCAA treatment has been widely explored [13]. However, few studies have been published on the effect of BCAAs on the function of islet cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched‐chain amino acids supplementation protects streptozotocin‐induced insulin secretion and the correlated mechanism

et al. 2014

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Significant evidence demonstrates that oxidative stress can impair insulin secretion and contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are reported to be positively related to insulin secretion. This study aimed to determine how oxidative stress affects the function of islets and whether BCAAs can ameliorate the oxidative stress, and accompanying c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), protein kinase D1 (PKD1), and pancreatic/duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) changes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Plasma glucose, plasma insulin, and JNK, PKD1 and PDX-1 mRNA and protein expression were measured in rats treated with STZ and BCAAs. The glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats was much higher than that in control animals, and the elevated plasma glucose level in diabetic rats could be significantly inhibited by BCAAs treatment. Consistent with the change in glucose levels, the levels of insulin were also affected by BCAAs treatment. The mRNA and protein expression of JNK, PDX-1, and PKD1 were significantly altered in diabetic rats compared with the control group (P<0.01) and treatment with a low dose of BCAA reversed these changes in those above markers significantly (P<0.01). The present study demonstrated that STZ-induced oxidative stress could reduce serum insulin levels and alter the JNK, PDX-1, and PKD1 expression. BCAAs restored the levels of serum insulin reversed changes in JNK, PDX-1, and PKD1 expression.

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“…[33][34][35] Several clinical trials have suggested that BCAA supplementation improves the prognosis of cirrhotic patients, and a recent review concludes that their supplementation improves nutritional status and quality of life in patients with advanced cirrhosis, and some international guidelines already recommend their use. 36 Another review of meta-analysis recommends oral administration of BCAAs in hepatic encephalopathy, especially in combination with nonabsorbable disaccharides. 37 In hepatocellular carcinoma BCAAs supplementation improves quality of life and helps preserve liver function during treatment.…”

Section: Malnutrition In Liver Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The management of the patient with malnutrition: from evidence to clinical practice

Poggiano

Ciarla

Gnerre³

et al. 2017

Ital J Med

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Malnutrition can be defined as a state of nutrition in which a deficiency or excess (or imbalance) of energy, protein and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue/body form (body shape, size, composition) body function and clinical outcome. Malnutrition is a highly prevalent condition in the acute hospital setting with studies reporting rates of approximately 40%. Malnutrition is associated with many adverse outcomes including depression of the immune system, impaired wound healing, muscle wasting, longer lengths of hospital stay and increased mortality. Unidentified malnutrition not only heightens the risk of adverse complications for patients but results in an increase in health care costs. This can be prevented if special attention is given to their nutritional care. For this reason, hospital and healthcare organizations should have a policy and a specific set of protocols for identifying patients at nutritional risk, leading to appropriate care plans. The objective of this monograph is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the proper management of malnutrition by multi-parametric analysis of the guidelines available to date.

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Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases

Cited by 184 publications

References 0 publications

Association of Branched and Aromatic Amino Acids Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Hypertensive Patients

Association of Branched and Aromatic Amino Acids Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Hypertensive Patients

Branched‐chain amino acids supplementation protects streptozotocin‐induced insulin secretion and the correlated mechanism

The management of the patient with malnutrition: from evidence to clinical practice

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