Abstract:In this paper we propose new non-relativistic p + 1 dimensional theory. This theory is defined in such a way that the potential term obeys the principle of detailed balance where the generating action corresponds to p-brane action. This condition ensures that the norm of the vacuum wave functional of p + 1 dimensional theory is equal to the partition function of p-brane theory.
“…As a result, the corresponding Wheeler-DeWitt equation simply takes the form of Eq. (25) and has a plane-wave solution (26), in terms of the gauge-invariant length L(t) defined by Eq.(27). Therefore, similar to the projectable case [15], this system is also quantum mechanical in nature.…”
The quantization of two-dimensional Hořava theory of gravity without the projectability condition is considered. Our study of the Hamiltonian structure of the theory shows that there are two first-class and two second-class constraints. Then, following Dirac we quantize the theory by first requiring that the two second-class constraints be strongly equal to zero. This is carried out by replacing the Poisson bracket by the Dirac bracket. The two first-class constraints give rise to the Wheeler-DeWitt equations, which yield uniquely a plane-wave solution for the wavefunction. We also study the classical solutions of the theory and find that the characteristics of classical spacetimes are encoded solely in the phase of the plane-wave solution in terms of the extrinsic curvature of the foliations t =Constant, where t denotes the globally-defined time of the theory.
“…As a result, the corresponding Wheeler-DeWitt equation simply takes the form of Eq. (25) and has a plane-wave solution (26), in terms of the gauge-invariant length L(t) defined by Eq.(27). Therefore, similar to the projectable case [15], this system is also quantum mechanical in nature.…”
The quantization of two-dimensional Hořava theory of gravity without the projectability condition is considered. Our study of the Hamiltonian structure of the theory shows that there are two first-class and two second-class constraints. Then, following Dirac we quantize the theory by first requiring that the two second-class constraints be strongly equal to zero. This is carried out by replacing the Poisson bracket by the Dirac bracket. The two first-class constraints give rise to the Wheeler-DeWitt equations, which yield uniquely a plane-wave solution for the wavefunction. We also study the classical solutions of the theory and find that the characteristics of classical spacetimes are encoded solely in the phase of the plane-wave solution in terms of the extrinsic curvature of the foliations t =Constant, where t denotes the globally-defined time of the theory.
“…[6], where using a regular quadratic action, the renormalizability of the scalar mode is recovered. Moreover, studying the Hamiltonian formulation of f (R)−Hořava theories, Klusoň proposed them as some "healthy" extensions of Hořava gravity [7,8]. Furthermore, it has been shown that by imposing a local U(1) gauge symmetry, one can eliminate the mentioned scalar mode and retain the general covariance and hence, another healthy version of the theory [9].…”
Several sets of radially propagating null congruence generators are exploited in order to form 3-dimensional marginally trapped surfaces, referred to as black hole and cosmological apparent horizons in a Hořava universe. Based on this method, we deal with the characteristics of the 2-dimensional space-like spheres of symmetry and the peculiarities of having trapping horizons. Moreover, we apply this method in standard expanding and contracting FLRW cosmological models of a Hořava universe to investigate the conditions under which the extra parameters of the theory may lead to trapped/anti-trapped surfaces both in the future and in the past. We also include the cases of negative time, referred to as the finite past, and discuss the formation of anti-trapped surfaces inside the cosmological apparent horizons.
“…Recently, the Hořava-Lifshitz gravity theory has been intensively investigated in [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10] and its cosmological applications have been studied in [11,12,13,14,15,16].…”
We study black holes in the Hořava-Lifshitz gravity with a parameter λ. For 1/3 ≤ λ < 3, the black holes behave the Lifshitz black holes with dynamical exponent 0 < z ≤ 4, while for λ > 3, the black holes behave the Reissner-Nordström type black hole in asymptotically flat spacetimes. Hence, these all are quite different from the Schwarzschild-AdS black hole of Einstein gravity. The temperature, mass, entropy, and heat capacity are derived for investigating thermodynamic properties of these black holes.
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