2007
DOI: 10.1142/s021773230702261x
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Brans–dicke Theory: Jordan Versus Einstein Frame

Abstract: It is well known that, in contrast to general relativity, there are two conformally related frames, the Jordan frame and the Einstein frame, in which the Brans-Dicke theory, a prototype of generic scalar-tensor theory, can be formulated. There is a long standing debate on the physical equivalence of the formulations in these two different frames. It is shown here that gravitational deflection of light to second order accuracy may observationally distinguish the two versions of the Brans-Dicke theory.

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Cited by 50 publications
(55 citation statements)
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“…A viable cosmological model must accommodate all these features. Although the F(R) theory of gravity and its extended versions claim to have unified early inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration, this requires scalar-tensor equivalence at both ends [5][6][7], which might be misleading, since physical equivalence has been questioned over decades [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. An attempt of unification has been made with a non-minimally coupled dark energy model for the first time by Faraoni [23].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A viable cosmological model must accommodate all these features. Although the F(R) theory of gravity and its extended versions claim to have unified early inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration, this requires scalar-tensor equivalence at both ends [5][6][7], which might be misleading, since physical equivalence has been questioned over decades [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. An attempt of unification has been made with a non-minimally coupled dark energy model for the first time by Faraoni [23].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Scalar-tensor equivalence is a mathematical artifact, and it gives totally different quantum description [66] in comparison to one discussed earlier [62,63]. The difference at the classical level has also been established to some extent [67,68]. Thus, the prospect of ( ) theory of gravity appears to be at stake, unless one can find a better way out to handle the theory.…”
Section: On the Absence Of Noether Symmetry Andmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Singularity theorems and energy conditions have been studied in connection with Brans-Dicke theory, perhaps the most popular scalar-tensor gravity theories. However, their meaning remains still controversial due to the question of whether or not the Einstein frame and the Jordan frame are physically equivalent [37,38]. In the present geometrical approach, this controversy does not arise, as the physical entities defined in the theory are naturally invariant under frame transformations [39][40][41][42] (Table 2).…”
Section: Final Remarksmentioning
confidence: 99%