Brash ice macroporosity and piece size distribution in ship channels

Zhaka, Vasiola; Bridges, Robert; Riska, Kaj; Cwirzen, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.104047

Cold Regions Science and Technology

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.104047

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Brash ice macroporosity and piece size distribution in ship channels

Vasiola Zhaka,

Robert Bridges,

Kaj Riska

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

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Non-smooth discrete element method analysis of channel width's effect on ice resistance in broken ice field

Yang,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Ocean Engineering

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Non-smooth discrete element method analysis of channel width's effect on ice resistance in broken ice field

Yang,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Ocean Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Snow effects on brash ice and level ice growth

Zhaka,

Bridges,

Riska

et al. 2024

J. Glaciol.

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Brash ice formation and accumulation occur at a faster rate in ship channels, harbours and turning areas compared to the surrounding level ice. Accurate prediction of brash ice thickness plays an important role in addressing operational challenges and optimisation of ice management strategies. This study enhances existing brash ice growth models by considering the effects of snow and accounting for brash ice expulsion towards the sides of ship channels at each passage. To validate the influence of these critical factors on brash ice thickness, three distinct ship channels located in the Bay of Bothnia, Luleå, Sweden, were investigated. For two test channels formed for study purposes, the slower growth rate of brash ice caused by snow insulation was more prominent than the brash ice growth acceleration caused by the snow–slush–snow ice transformation. In the third channel characterised by frequent navigation, the transformation of slush into snow ice played a more substantial role than snow insulation. In both test channels, the brash ice growth model performed optimally, assuming a 10% expulsion of brash ice sideways at each vessel passage. In the third, wider and more frequently navigated channel, a 1.2% brash ice expelling coefficient predicted well the measured brash ice thicknesses.

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Brash ice macroporosity and piece size distribution in ship channels

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Non-smooth discrete element method analysis of channel width's effect on ice resistance in broken ice field

Non-smooth discrete element method analysis of channel width's effect on ice resistance in broken ice field

Snow effects on brash ice and level ice growth

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