Brassica carinata genotypes demonstrate potential as a winter biofuel crop in South East United States

Tillage system and seeding rate effects on the performance of Brassica carinata

“…Seed oil concentration was generally higher, with lower glucosinolates and protein concentrations compared to values reported in previous carinata studies (Mulvaney et al, 2019;Pan et al, 2012;Seepaul et al, 2018). Carinata seed protein and glucosinolate contents are inversely related to seed oil content (Kumar et al, 2020;Mulvaney et al, 2019;Pan et al, 2012) due to competition for carbon skeletons between fatty acid and amino acid biosynthetic pathways (Pan et al, 2012), which explains results of the present study (Table S4).…”

Brassica carinata: Biology and agronomy as a biofuel crop

“…However, there is a possible interactive effect between temperature and photoperiod for flowering initiation (Friend, 1968) as high temperature has been associated with accelerated phenological development under long photoperiod (Nanda et al, 1996). Flower initiation in carinata varied from 77 to 126 days across multiple locations and years in Florida depending upon genotypic, edaphic, and climatic factors (Kumar et al, 2020). Carinata lifecycle ranged from 3949 to 4288 growing degree days (GDD; 4.4°C base temperature) with an average lifecycle of 154 days for an early-maturing genotype and 165 days for a late-maturing genotype when grown as a winter crop in Florida (Kumar et al, 2020) while it reached physiological maturity at 2000-2200 GDD (4°C) in Europe (Zanetti et al, 2013).…”

“…Sequential flowering in carinata produces a mixture of pods with different maturity (Seepaul et al, 2018). Delayed maturity of current varieties (Kumar et al, 2020) requires agronomic management tools to accelerate uniform maturity of the crop to allow timely land preparation and planting of summer row crops (Seepaul et al, 2018). Carinata can be swathed in arid or semiarid regions or chemically desiccated in the Southeast United States (Seepaul et al, 2018).…”

“…Generally, yellow seeded carinata lines produce heavier seeds (+0.4 g) with higher oil (+2.3%), protein (+2.1%), and lower crude fiber (−1.2%) content than brown seeded lines (Getinet et al, T A B L E 4 Mean value of seed quality traits of commercial carinata variety Avanza 641 grown in north Florida (adapted and modified from Mulvaney et al, 2019) 1996). Evaluation of the agronomic performance of 11 genotypes in Florida has resulted in the identification of earlymaturing genotypes taking 7-14 days less to mature than the control genotype (Kumar et al, 2020).…”

“…Carinata is heat tolerant, resistant to diseases and seed shattering, and has lower water-use requirements than other oilseed brassicas (Kumar et al, 1984;Malik, 1990;Raman et al, 2017;Shivpuri et al, 1997). Varieties that are frost tolerant, early maturing, nutrient use efficient, high yielding with desirable oil content and fatty acid production are needed to integrate carinata into prevalent crop rotation systems (Kumar et al, 2020;Mulvaney et al, 2018Mulvaney et al, , 2019Seepaul et al, 2018). Connecting biology with agronomy is critical for the sustainable cultivation of carinata in different production regions of the world.…”