Brassica napus Haploid and Double Haploid Production and Its Latest Applications

Abstract

Rapeseed is one of the most important oil crops in the world. Increasing demand for oil and limited agronomic capabilities of present-day rapeseed result in the need for rapid development of new, superior cultivars. Double haploid (DH) technology is a fast and convenient approach in plant breeding as well as genetic research. Brassica napus is considered a model species for DH production based on microspore embryogenesis; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying microspore reprogramming are still vague. It is known that morphological changes are accompanied by gene and protein expression patterns, alongside carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Novel, more efficient methods for DH rapeseed production have been reported. This review covers new findings and advances in Brassica napus DH production as well as the latest reports related to agronomically important traits in molecular studies employing the double haploid rapeseed lines.

In Vitro Regeneration of Chrysanthemum from Ovaries and Ovules Treated with Thermal and Chemical Stimuli: Morphogenic and Cytogenetic Effects

“…Chrysanthemum stands as an emblematic and cherished member of the Asteraceae family, captivating the world with its ornate and diverse array of floral forms and colors [24]. In recent years, the utilization of in vitro culture techniques and haploids in plant breeding has emerged as a promising strategy to expedite the development of improved cultivars [25,26]. Ovaries cultured in vitro were reported as a valuable explant source for the development of phenotypic variants with variegated, marble-like, and lighter-green leaves, and changes in the morphology of inflorescences and ligulate florets, as well as changes in the shape of corymb [27].…”