Brassicaceous Weed Seed Predation by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Kulkarni, Sharavari S.; Dosdall, Lloyd M.; Spence, John R.; Willenborg, Christian J.

doi:10.1614/ws-d-15-00069.1

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…arvense , respectively. Because these carabids also exhibited the same order of preference for consumption of these species in previous experiments [31], we reason that olfactory cues are being used in seed detection. Taken together, and assuming that response to odours should be strongest for preferred seeds, these results show that carabid species differ in their physiological abilities to detect particular odours associated strictly with seeds alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Seeds of three brassicaceous weed species [ Brassica napus L. (considered weedy volunteers), wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis L., and field pennycress, Thlaspi arvense L.] were collected from the sites mentioned above and stored at 5°C for seven months prior to use in the bioassays. All three weed species are common in local agroecosystems [30] and their seeds are readily consumed by carabids [31]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…napus [31], we employed a second bioassay to further understand how preferences were affected by imbibition by directly comparing responses between imbibed and unimbibed seeds in a two-choice olfactometer. For these experiments, we converted the olfactometer to function as a two-chambered arena by plugging and stopping airflow to two of the odour inlets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Detection and Discrimination by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Are Associated with Olfactory Cues

et al. 2017

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Olfactory ability is an element of fitness in many animals, guiding choices among alternatives such as mating partners or food. Ground beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), exhibit preferences for prey, and some species are well-known weed seed predators. We used olfactometer-based bioassays to determine if olfactory stimuli are associated with detection of Brassica napus L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Thlaspi arvense L. seeds by ground beetles characteristic of agroecosystems, and whether behavioural responses to seed odors depended on seed physiological state (imbibed or unimbibed). Imbibed B.napus seeds were preferred over other weed species by two of the three carabid species tested. Only A. littoralis responded significantly to unimbibed seeds of B. napus. Sensitivity to olfactory cues appeared to be highly specific as all carabid species discriminated between the olfactory cues of imbibed brassicaceous weed seeds, but did not discriminate between weed seeds that were unimbibed. Overall, our data suggest that depending on seed physiological state, odours can play an important role in the ability of carabids to find and recognize seeds of particular weed species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Detection and Discrimination by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Are Associated with Olfactory Cues

et al. 2017

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“…Others have reported that P . lucublandus and Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger), a species of the same genus as P. mutus , will consume brassicaceous weed seeds, common dandelion seeds ( Taraxacum officinale W.), and de-hulled common millet seeds ( Panicum miliaceum L.) in no-choice and field experiments (O’Rourke et al 2006, Koprdová et al 2008, Lundgren et al 2013, Kulkarni et al 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Poecilus lucublandus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and Pterostichus mutus Do Not Feed on Hair Fescue, Red Sorrel, and Poverty Oatgrass Seeds

Loureiro

Cutler

Nams

et al. 2019

Journal of Insect Science

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Poecilus lucublandus (Say), Pterostichus mutus (Say), and Harpalus rufipes (De Geer) are abundant Carabidae in lowbush blueberry fields and may contribute to weed seed predation. We used laboratory no-choice test experiments to determine if these beetles feed on seeds of hair fescue (Festuca filiformis Pourr., Poales: Poaceae), poverty oatgrass (Danthonia spicata L.), and red sorrel (Rumex acetosella L., Caryophyllales: Polygonaceae), which are common weeds in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait., Ericales: Ericaceae) fields. Poecilus lucublandus and P. mutus did not feed on seeds of the test weed species, but H. rufipes consumed on average over 30 seeds of each species. There are other weed seeds in blueberry fields that could be palatable to P. lucublandus and P. mutus, which warrants further research on the granivory potential of these important carabid species.

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“…Gulden et al ., ; Gruber et al ., , ; Pekrun et al ., ). Differences in stubble architecture and decay influence temperature and moisture fluctuation, shading, as well as soil freeze and thaw (Brady & Weil, ), in addition to habitat for biological predators (Kulkarni et al ., ), all of which may affect the fate of seeds in the soil seedbank (Baskin & Baskin, ). Indeed, delayed or zero tillage may allow for more biological seed predation than immediate tillage by leaving OSR seed on the soil surface following harvest (Gruber et al ., ; Kulkarni et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early autumn soil disturbance decreases persistence of volunteer summer‐annual oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Geddes

Gulden

2017

Weed Research

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Volunteer summer-annual oilseed rape (sOSR; Brassica napus) is an ongoing concern in Canadian crop production. Large harvest seed losses and secondary dormancy in this species generate a persistent volunteer seedbank. Yield loss in subsequent crops, potential sOSR oil profile contamination and herbicide-resistance trait introgression create a need for effective sOSR seedbank management. This field study evaluated the effects of timing and type of implement of post-harvest soil disturbance and seeding a winter cereal on volunteer sOSR population persistence and demographic life-stage transition rates at five locations in Manitoba, Canada. Following sOSR harvest and supplemental seed rain, seedbank densities ranged from 6770 to 15360 and 50 to 2610 seeds m À2 among sites in autumn and spring respectively. In contrast to European research on winter-annual oilseed rape, early autumn soil disturbance, shortly after sOSR harvest, was the best strategy to decrease volunteer sOSR persistence (3% population persistence from autumn to spring, compared with 6% in zero tillage). Substantial autumn seedling recruitment (38% of the autumn seedbank) and subsequent winterkill contributed to lower population persistence. Soil disturbance in spring stimulated spring seedling recruitment compared with other disturbance timings (11% and 3% of the spring seedbank, respectively). The implement used for soil disturbance and seeding winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) had minimal effect on population persistence. This research showed that timing of post-harvest soil disturbance should be utilised as an effective tactic to decrease population persistence of volunteer sOSR via stimulation of autumn seedling recruitment and concomitant winterkill.

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Brassicaceous Weed Seed Predation by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Seed Detection and Discrimination by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Are Associated with Olfactory Cues

Seed Detection and Discrimination by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Are Associated with Olfactory Cues

Poecilus lucublandus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and Pterostichus mutus Do Not Feed on Hair Fescue, Red Sorrel, and Poverty Oatgrass Seeds

Early autumn soil disturbance decreases persistence of volunteer summer‐annual oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

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