Brazil’s staple food and incident diabetes

Rosa, Maria Luiza Garcia; Falcão, Paula Moreira; Yokoo, Edna Massae; Filho, Rubens Antunes da Cruz; Alcoforado, Veronica; Souza, Bárbara da Silva Nalin de; Pinto, Fernanda Neves; Nery, Aline Barreto

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2013.09.004

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As for cassava and rice, it seemed contra-intuitive to us that its intake was positively associated with the pattern score, but inversely with type 2 diabetes. However, an inverse association between cassava flour and incident diabetes was also observed in a Brazilian study [ 34 ]. In our study population, plantain, cassava and rice were frequently consumed and the preparation methods were diverse including cooking, frying and pounding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

A Dietary Pattern Derived by Reduced Rank Regression is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in An Urban Ghanaian Population

et al. 2015

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Reduced rank regression (RRR) is an innovative technique to establish dietary patterns related to biochemical risk factors for type 2 diabetes, but has not been applied in sub-Saharan Africa. In a hospital-based case-control study for type 2 diabetes in Kumasi (diabetes cases, 538; controls, 668) dietary intake was assessed by a specific food frequency questionnaire. After random split of our study population, we derived a dietary pattern in the training set using RRR with adiponectin, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides as responses and 35 food items as predictors. This pattern score was applied to the validation set, and its association with type 2 diabetes was examined by logistic regression. The dietary pattern was characterized by a high consumption of plantain, cassava, and garden egg, and a low intake of rice, juice, vegetable oil, eggs, chocolate drink, sweets, and red meat; the score correlated positively with serum triglycerides and negatively with adiponectin. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of type 2 diabetes for the highest quintile compared to the lowest was 4.43 (95% confidence interval: 1.87–10.50, p for trend < 0.001). The identified dietary pattern increases the odds of type 2 diabetes in urban Ghanaians, which is mainly attributed to increased serum triglycerides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

A Dietary Pattern Derived by Reduced Rank Regression is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in An Urban Ghanaian Population

et al. 2015

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“…Recently, Frank et al found a dietary pattern among urban Ghanaian population, which was characterized by a high consumption of plantain, cassava, and garden egg, and a low intake of rice, juice, vegetable oil, eggs, chocolate drink, sweets, and red meat was related to higher serum triglyceride concentrations and increased the risk of type 2 diabetes [ 29 ]. However, an inverse association between cassava flour and incident diabetes was also observed in a Brazilian study [ 30 ]. As for cassava, a major carbohydrate source in Africa, contains potentially diabetogenic chemicals, however, its consumption could be considered in diets for the prevention and control of diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Associations between Dietary Patterns and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Chinese Men: A Cross-Sectional Study

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2015

Nutrients

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Few studies have examined the association between Asian dietary pattern and prediabetes, in particular, the Chinese diet. We conducted a cross-sectional study to identify dietary patterns associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) which considered a state of prediabetes in Chinese men. The study included 1495 Chinese men aged 20 to 75 years. Information about diet was obtained using an 81-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and 21 predefined food groups were considered in a factor analysis. Three dietary patterns were generated by factor analysis: (1) a vegetables-fruits pattern; (2) an animal offal-dessert pattern; and (3) a white rice-red meat pattern. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of IFG for the highest tertile of the animal offal-dessert pattern in comparison with the lowest tertile was 3.15 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.87–5.30). The vegetables-fruits dietary pattern was negatively associated with the risk of IFG, but a significant association was observed only in the third tertile. There was no significant association between IFG and the white rice-red meat pattern. Our findings indicated that the vegetables-fruits dietary pattern was inversely associated with IFG, whereas the animal offal-dessert pattern was associated with an increased risk of IFG in Chinese men. Further prospective studies are needed to elucidate the diet-prediabetes relationships.

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“…Cassava is starch-rich, similar to peeled potatoes, but long-term cardiometabolic effects remain uncertain; 150, 151 glycemic responses may be ameliorated by its consumption in mixed meals. Similarly, long-term health effects of yams, sweet potatoes, and parsnips (which tend to contain relatively less starch vs. fiber than russet or white potatoes), corn (which can be considered a grain or vegetable), and peas (which is a legume) are not well established.…”

Section: Foods and Cardiometabolic Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity

2016

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Suboptimal nutrition is a leading cause of poor health. Nutrition and policy science have advanced rapidly, creating confusion yet also providing powerful opportunities to reduce the adverse health and economic impacts of poor diets. This review considers the history, new evidence, controversies, and corresponding lessons for modern dietary and policy priorities for cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes. Major identified themes include the importance of evaluating the full diversity of diet-related risk pathways, not just obesity and blood lipids; focusing on foods and overall diet patterns, rather than single isolated nutrients; recognizing the complex influences of different foods on long-term weight regulation, rather than simply counting calories; and characterizing and implementing evidence-based strategies, including policy approaches, for lifestyle change. Evidence-informed dietary priorities include increased fruits, nonstarchy vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, vegetable oils, yogurt, and minimally processed whole grains; and fewer red meats, processed (e.g., sodium-preserved) meats, and foods rich in refined grains, starch, added sugars, salt, and trans fat. More investigation is needed on cardiometabolic effects of phenolics, dairy fat, probiotics, fermentation, coffee, tea, cocoa, eggs, specific vegetable and tropical oils, vitamin D, individual fatty acids, and diet-microbiome interactions. Little evidence to-date supports cardiometabolic relevance of other popular priorities: e.g., local, organic, grass-fed, farmed/wild, non-GMO. Evidence-based personalized nutrition appears to depend more on non-genetic characteristics (e.g., physical activity, abdominal adiposity, gender, socioeconomic status, culture) than genetic factors. Food choices must be strongly supported by clinical behavior change efforts, health systems reforms, novel technologies, and robust policy strategies, including those targeting economic incentives, schools and workplaces, neighborhood environments, and the food system. Scientific advances provide crucial new insights on optimal targets and best practices to reduce burdens of diet-related cardiometabolic diseases.

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Brazil’s staple food and incident diabetes

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

A Dietary Pattern Derived by Reduced Rank Regression is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in An Urban Ghanaian Population

A Dietary Pattern Derived by Reduced Rank Regression is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in An Urban Ghanaian Population

Associations between Dietary Patterns and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Chinese Men: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity

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