“…Just to mention some of them, BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins, which are associated with breast and ovarian cancer development, have a role in R-loop regulation at promoters and terminators of transcribed genes and at DSBs ( Bhatia et al, 2014 ; Hatchi et al, 2015 ; D’Alessandro et al, 2018 ; Shivji et al, 2018 ). Interestingly, mutations in BRCA1 cause R-loop accumulation at specific genes and an altered transcription rate, and these events seem to be directly implicated in tumorigenesis ( Zhang et al, 2017 ; Chiang et al, 2019 ). In BRCA2-deficient cells, RNase H1 overexpression reduces formaldehyde-induced replication fork stalling as well as structural chromosomal aberrations formed under these conditions, thus suggesting that R-loops contribute, at least partially, to the pathogenic effects of BRCA2 inactivation ( Tan et al, 2017 ).…”