Breadth of resistance to powdery mildew in commercial Oat cultivars available in Ireland

Reilly, Aisling; Okoń, Sylwia; Cieplak, Magdalena; Finnan, John; Kildea, Steven; Feechan, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2023.106517

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This is surprising, because the lower BGA infection of the autumn sown variant in our study was consistent also in Aberystwyth, with similar climatic conditions as in Ireland of the , Reilly et al (2024) study. However, overall infection levels in , Reilly et al (2024) were much lower than in our study, with maximum values of around 8 % infected leaf area. Differences in disease pressure might be the reason for our contrasting observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Interestingly, there, autumn sown susceptible oats were higher infected than the spring sown, which is in contrast with our observations. This is surprising, because the lower BGA infection of the autumn sown variant in our study was consistent also in Aberystwyth, with similar climatic conditions as in Ireland of the , Reilly et al (2024) study. However, overall infection levels in , Reilly et al (2024) were much lower than in our study, with maximum values of around 8 % infected leaf area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…It is very interesting that an adaptation of BGA to a single resistance QTL in one cultivar might be possible even though a related cultivar with the same QTL is not affected in the same way. This resembles the overcome of Pm7 in the cultivars Canyon, Delfin and Yukon by polish BGA isolates (Reilly et al, 2024), but without any natural selections, since these Pm7 carriers were not widely grown in those areas in Poland the BGA isolates came from. Natural BGA virulence spectrum seems to be high and even the Pm13 gene seems not to be immune to degradation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…This could also be the case in oats and could explain these observations. However, when looking at the differences between Husky and Keely in Reilly et al (2024), the overall low levels of infection must be taken into account. Although statistically significant, their functional importance can be questioned due to the low magnitude of differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There, later sowings also resulted in higher disease incidences compared to earlier sowings (Last, 1957; Naseri & Sheikholeslami, 2021). Similarly, Reilly et al (2024) evaluated PM resistance in autumn and spring seeded experiments of the oat cultivars Husky and Keely as well as Pm7 carriers Delfin, Elison and Yukon. Interestingly, there, autumn sown susceptible oats were higher infected than the spring sown, which is in contrast with our observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 on oat chromosome 1D

Schurack,

Beuch,

Cowan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. avenae, is a widespread disease of oats, especially in the temperate regions of Western and Central Europe, and the use of resistant varieties is the most sustainable way to ensure stable yields. Therefore, the identification of robust and effective resistance to powdery mildew is of great interest for oat breeding. In contrast to race-specific resistance genes, adult plant resistance (APR) is generally considered to be more durable. The oat variety Firth, as well as related varieties such as Husky or Flamingstip, contains an unknown APR gene, which was previously located on chromosome 1D using DArT markers. The aim of this study was to confirm and refine the chromosomal location of this resistance gene, tentatively named Pm13. To this end, two independent experiments were carried out using different genetic material under natural infection conditions in the field: genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) in a diverse set of 250 oat lines grown in ten environments and QTL mapping in a HuskyxAVE1284 bi-parental population grown in three environments. Both approaches identified a QTL for powdery mildew resistance on the distal end of chromosome 1D in the hexaploid Sang oat genome. The locus explained up to 15 % of the phenotypic variance in GWAS and 64 % of the phenotypic variance in QTL mapping. Comparison of field data with results from laboratory leaf segment tests confirmed that Pm13 does indeed confer APR. The sequence information of the identified linked markers may allow the development of molecular markers useful for early selection of oat lines with high levels of APR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 on oat chromosome 1D

Schurack,

Beuch,

Cowan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae

Reilly,

Kildea,

Finnan

et al. 2024

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae (Bga) , the causal agent of powdery mildew disease on oats, is one of the most important diseases of oat production. The main control strategies include the use of fungicides and resistant cultivars. However, with the overuse of chemical controls and a dependency on a limited number of resistance genes, this pathogen is becoming more difficult to control and eradicate from the crop. To date, only 12 genes that confer resistance to Bga have been catalogued in oats, and only half of these are deployed in commercially available oat cultivars. Because of this, there is a constant need to understand the mechanisms underlying oat resistance and a demand for new durable forms of resistance. Key Concepts Bga is the causal agent of powdery mildew disease in oats and a major limiting factor to oat yield and quality. Genetic resistance is considered the most sustainable control method, to date 12 powdery mildew (Pm) resistance genes have been identified in oats. Pre‐ and post‐penetration defence mechanisms, such as papillae formation, cell death and encasements contribute to oat plant defence against Bga infection. New disease resistance may be sourced from wild oat relatives, but sterility barriers may cause breeding issues. The published oat MLO (Mildew Locus O) gene family presents a potential opportunity for generating durable mlo‐based powdery mildew resistance in oats.

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Resistance to powdery mildew in Irish oat heritage lines

Reilly,

Okoń,

Cieplak

et al. 2024

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Cereal breeding in Ireland took place in the early twentieth Century to establish native Irish oat cultivars with higher grain yields. However, the production of Irish cultivars declined rapidly from 1973 as the import of international, commercially bred oat cultivars increased which were tested for suitability to Irish climatic conditions. A collection of these heritage oat accessions has been maintained by the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM). In this study, we investigated a collection of heritage oats for possible resistance to powdery mildew caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae (Bga). We identified Bga resistance in two historical oat accessions (Tyrone 1994 and Sandy). This resistance was mediated by high levels of papillae formation and/or encasements to an Irish single spore isolate. However, intermediate resistance was observed when using a range of Bga isolates.

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Breadth of resistance to powdery mildew in commercial Oat cultivars available in Ireland

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 on oat chromosome 1D

Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 on oat chromosome 1D

Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae

Resistance to powdery mildew in Irish oat heritage lines

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