2014
DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.011861
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Break up of the azimuthal symmetry of higher order fiber modes

Abstract: Abstract:We investigate Bessel-like modes guided in a double cladding fiber where the outer cladding is an aircladding. For very high order LP 0X -modes, the azimuthal symmetry is broken and the mode is no longer linearly polarized. This is observed experimentally and confirmed numerically. The effect is investigated numerically using a full vectorial modesolver and is observed to be dependent on the fiber design. The effect on the diffraction free propagation distance of the modes is investigated using a fast… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(10 citation statements)
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References 14 publications
(22 reference statements)
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“…for amplification [10] and nonlinear processes [11]- [14], the LP approximation is insufficient. More specifically, as reported for the first time in [15], the circular symmetry of Bessellike modes is broken when the mode order (i.e. the number of rings) increases sufficiently.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 57%
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“…for amplification [10] and nonlinear processes [11]- [14], the LP approximation is insufficient. More specifically, as reported for the first time in [15], the circular symmetry of Bessellike modes is broken when the mode order (i.e. the number of rings) increases sufficiently.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 57%
“…Qualitatively, (15) shows that higher values of n eff , i.e. those close to n c , imply lower magnitude of the oscillating term, compared to that of the constant term.…”
Section: B Qualitative Analysis Of the Bowtie Effect In Sifsmentioning
confidence: 90%
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“…This uniformly (e.g., linearly) polarized approximation gradually breaks down as the field strength at a large refractive index step increases, in any waveguide [1416], because the radial and azimuthal components of the electric field must satisfy different boundary conditions. Consequently, the electric fields of the HE 1,m modes become quasi-radially polarized, while another set of vector modes, the EH 1,m modes (part of the LP 2,m mode in the scalar picture), become quasi-azimuthally polarized.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since the polymer-clad fibers discussed herein have especially high index contrast (by design, to tailor dispersion), we expect the modes of these fibers to also show significant polarization non-uniformities Figure 3(a)–(d) shows the simulated intensity distribution overlaid with polarization projections, for a lower and higher order mode pairs comprising the almost degenerate HE 1,m and EH 1,m-1 modes for our fiber, simulated using a full-vectorial mode solver described in [17]. For lower mode orders, the LP approximation holds well, but for higher mode orders, the polarization, and even the intensity distribution along the azimuth, becomes non-uniform (these high order modes have been named “bow-tie” modes [15,16]). Stated differently, as mode order increases (and the mode field increasingly encounters the high-index step boundary), the HE 1,m modes’ polarization extinction ratio (PER), the power ratio between the maximum and minimum linear polarization projection of the mode, decreases dramatically [Fig.…”
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confidence: 99%