Breakdown of Hooke's law at the nanoscale – 2D material-based nanosprings

Zhan, Haifei; Zhang, Gang; Yang, Chunhui; Gu, Yuantong

doi:10.1039/c8nr04882g

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Also, the modulation of electron conductivity together with thermal conductivity along the cross-plane direction can be attractive for thermoelectrics. Third, exotic mechanical behaviors are worth extensive research interests in not only practical mechanical performance 69 but also fundamental mechanical laws 70 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, the deformation of the inhomogeneous structures displays a notable deviation from Hooke's law as new surfaces are created during this transition which influence the total strain energy 70 . This inhomogeneous structural transition is expected to be universal in the nanosprings based on most 2D material families 70 , owing to similar surface energies 71,72 . It is important for future work to experimentally examine such exotic mechanical behaviors, the control of which will fuel opportunities for a wide range of applications, such as nanomachines, nanoscale mechanical systems, and nanorobots.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5b, a normal-type MoS2 nanospring generated by a screw dislocation was theoretically expected to undergo a structural transition from a homogeneous to inhomogeneous morphology driven by its unique interlayer vdW interactions 70 . Remarkably, the deformation of the inhomogeneous structures displays a notable deviation from Hooke's law as new surfaces are created during this transition which influence the total strain energy 70 . This inhomogeneous structural transition is expected to be universal in the nanosprings based on most 2D material families 70 , owing to similar surface energies 71,72 .…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and Properties of Dislocated Two-dimensional Layered Materials

et al. 2020

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Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials hosting dislocations have attracted considerable research attention in recent years. In particular, screw dislocations can result in a spiral topology and an interlayer twist in the layered materials, significantly impacting the stacking order and symmetry of the layers. Moreover, the dislocations with large strain and heavily distorted atomic registry can result in a local modification of the structures around the dislocation. The dislocations thus provide a useful route to engineering optical, electrical, thermal, mechanical and catalytic properties of the 2D layered materials, which show great potential to bring new functionalities. This article presents a comprehensive review of the experimental and theoretical progress on the growth and properties of the dislocated 2D layered materials. It also offers an outlook on the future works in this promising research field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and Properties of Dislocated Two-dimensional Layered Materials

et al. 2020

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“…The non-Hookean behaviors greatly extend the diversity and adaptability of materials in manipulating their mechanical properties, and play a pivotal role in miniaturizing machines, such as nanoelectromechanical systems, nanorobots, and soft machines. [7] Due to the existence of surface tension, capillary-sized droplets are good candidates for non-Hookean elastic materials, [8,9] with advantages including costefficiency, easy accessibility, and composition/size diversity. Besides, droplets can break up under large deformations, thus absorbing a considerable amount of energy for overload protection.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/smll202200875mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Hookean Droplet Spring for Enhancing Hydropower Harvest

Xue

Liu

et al. 2022

Small

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Nonlinear elastic materials are significant for engineering and micromechanics. Droplets with the merits of easy‐accessibility, diversity, and energy‐absorption capability exhibit a variety of non‐Hookean elastic behaviors. Herein, benefiting from the confinement of heterogeneous‐wettable parallel plates, the non‐Hookean mechanics of the droplet‐based spring are systematically investigated. Experimental results and theoretical analysis reveal that the force generated by the spring varies nonlinearly with its deformation, and a force model is accordingly built to depict the mechanics of springs with different sized/numbered droplets and confined by different wettability patterns. Importantly, for the droplet‐based spring, the droplet‐plate contact area expands nonlinearly with the pressing force, which is employed to optimize the output performance of the droplet‐based triboelectric nanogenerator to 226% compared with the control test. This finding deepens the understanding of the non‐Hookean behavior of droplet‐based springs, and sheds light on applications in energy harvesting, micromechanics, and miniature optic/electric devices.

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“…Since the adjacent layers are adhered to each through the van der Waals (vdW) interactions, the NFs exhibit a small yielding strain around 7% [50]. Our recent works show that a helicoid nanostructure constructed from a screw dislocation of 2D nanomaterials possesses a super-elastic tensile characteristic [51,52]. Therefore, it is of great interests to known how the NF-S with a screw dislocation would behave under external loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel super-elastic carbon nanofiber with cup-stacked carbon nanocones and a screw dislocation

Han

Duan

et al. 2019

Carbon

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Carbon nanofibers (NFs) have been envisioned with broad promising applications, such as nanoscale actuators and energy storage medium. This work reports for the first-time superelastic tensile characteristics of NFs constructed from a screw dislocation of carbon nanocones (NF-S). The NF-S exhibits three distinct elastic deformation stages under tensile, including an initial homogeneous deformation, delamination, and further stretch of covalent bonds. The delamination process endows the NF-S extraordinary tensile deformation capability, which is not accessible from its counterpart with a normal cup-stacked geometry. The failure of NF-S is governed by the inner edges of the nanocone due to the strain concentration, leading to a common failure force for NF-S with varying geometrical parameters. Strikingly, the delamination process is dominated by the inner radius and the apex angle of the nanocone. For a fixed apex angle, the yielding strain increases remarkably when the inner radius increases, which can exceed 1000%. It is also found that the screw dislocation allows the nanocones flattening and sliding during compression. This study provides a comprehensive understanding on the mechanical properties of NFs as constructed from carbon nanocones, which opens new avenues for novel applications, such as nanoscale actuators. (Haifei Zhan) 1 = ( /2) and 1 = ( /2), respectively. Considering the close packing morphology, i.e., the distance between each layer equals to the graphite distance (b = 3.35 Å), the effective height or length of the nanofiber can be approximated as ℎ 1 = ( − 1) /sin ( 2 ⁄ ). Thus, the cross-section and volume of the nanofiber can be approximated as 1 = ( = − = ) sin( 2 ⁄ ) = , and 1 = ( − 1)( = − = )sin ( 2 ⁄ ).

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Breakdown of Hooke's law at the nanoscale – 2D material-based nanosprings

Cited by 31 publications

References 56 publications

Growth and Properties of Dislocated Two-dimensional Layered Materials

Growth and Properties of Dislocated Two-dimensional Layered Materials

Non‐Hookean Droplet Spring for Enhancing Hydropower Harvest

A novel super-elastic carbon nanofiber with cup-stacked carbon nanocones and a screw dislocation

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