Breakfast consumption in Spanish children and young people

Aranceta-Bartrina, Javier; Serra-Majem, Lluís; Ribas, Lourdes; Rodrigo, Carmen Pérez

doi:10.1079/phn2001235

Cited by 65 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, half of the adolescents consumed products from no more than two of the target food groups together during both the recall days. Similar results were reported in a Dutch study (10) and in Spanish children and adolescents (12) . Sex differences in breakfast consumption have been reported in other studies (1,13) ; however, we found no differences between boys and girls in either frequency of breakfast consumption or breakfast quality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Breakfast habits among European adolescents and their association with sociodemographic factors: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study

Hällström

Vereecken

Labayen

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To describe breakfast habits at food group level in European adolescents and to investigate the associations between these habits and sociodemographic factors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Secondary schools from nine European cities participating in the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study. Breakfast habits were assessed twice using a computer-based 24 h dietary recall. Adolescents who consumed breakfast on at least one recall day were classified as 'breakfast consumers' and adolescents who did not have anything for breakfast on either of the two recall days were considered 'breakfast skippers'. A 'breakfast quality index' to describe breakfast quality was created based on the consumption or nonconsumption of cereals/cereal products, dairy products and fruits/vegetables. The sociodemographic factors studied were sex, age, region of Europe, maternal and paternal education, family structure and family affluence. Subjects: Adolescents (n 2672, 53 % girls) aged 12-17 years. Results: The majority of the adolescents reported a breakfast that scored poorly on the breakfast quality index. Older adolescents, adolescents from the southern part of Europe and adolescents from families with low socio-economic status were more likely to consume a low-quality breakfast. Conclusions: The study highlights the need to promote the consumption of a highquality breakfast among adolescents, particularly in older adolescents, adolescents from southern Europe and adolescents from families with low socio-economic status, in order to improve public health. Keywords Food groups Dietary habits Socio-economic TeenagerBreakfast consumption is an important part of a healthy lifestyle (1) . Regular breakfast consumption among adolescents has been associated with better diet quality (2-4) , better cognitive performance (5) and reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese (6) . Nevertheless, breakfast skipping is a common behaviour among European adolescents, with a prevalence ranging from 3 % (7) to 34 % (1) .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Breakfast habits among European adolescents and their association with sociodemographic factors: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study

Hällström

Vereecken

Labayen

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Several authors emphasise the importance of breakfast and that it should be included in educational programmes promoting healthy diets and lifestyles 37 or even included in school-based nutrition education programmes, involving families, teachers and others in achieving healthier patterns 7 . In the UK, the Department of Health initiated breakfast club schemes in schools.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breakfast provides an ideal opportunity for adolescents to begin the day by eating bread, other cereals and fruit, which are all important elements of a healthy and balanced diet. The importance of breakfast consumption in relation to nutritional balance has been shown in different sub-populations 7,9,10 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aranceta and co-workers stated that it is not clear to what extent breakfast contributes to a better cognitive performance in school. Learning is a complex process resulting from multiple interactions 7 . However, a recent review stated that breakfast may possibly benefit cognitive function, but the interpretation of the results can be complicated by confounding factors such as social and educational variables 3 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breakfast habits affect overall nutrient profiles in adolescents

Matthys

Henauw

Bellemans

et al. 2007

Public Health Nutr.

125

129

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Objective: To describe breakfast consumption patterns, on a nutrient and food item level, in Belgian adolescents. Design: A 7-day estimated food record was administered in a cross-sectional survey. Setting: Secondary schools in Ghent, Belgium. Subjects: A total of 341 adolescents (13-18 years old), multistage clustered sampling. Results: The energy contribution of breakfast to daily energy intake was on average 15.7% in boys and 14.9% in girls. Significantly more overweight girls and significantly more girls following vocational training were categorised as eating a low-quality breakfast. In boys, the energy contribution of polysaccharides was significantly higher in consumers of good-quality breakfasts. The intake of all selected micronutrients was significantly higher in consumers of good-quality breakfasts. In girls, the total energy intake and the proportional intake of proteins and polysaccharides were significantly higher in consumers of good-quality breakfasts, while the proportional contribution of total fat, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly lower in these girls. The intake of all micronutrients was significantly higher in girls consuming a good-quality breakfast. In all adolescents, consumers of a good-quality breakfast had significantly higher intakes of bread, fruit, vegetables, milk and milk products, and fruit juice, while intake of soft drinks was significantly lower than in consumers of low-quality breakfasts. Conclusions: Consumers of a good-quality breakfast had a better overall dietary pattern -on a nutrient and food group level -than consumers of a low-quality breakfast. A daily breakfast, including whole-grain products, fruit and (semi-) skimmed milk products or an alternative source of calcium, is recommended. Keywords Adolescents Breakfast habits Dietary intake Nutritional surveyBreakfast is widely being promoted as essential for the nutritional well-being of children. Skipping breakfast is associated with health-compromising behaviours in adults and adolescents 1 . Breakfast consumers tend to have higher intakes of micronutrients and lower intake of fat, and are more likely to have a better overall diet quality 2,3 . The consumption of breakfast has been positively associated with enhanced cognitive and academic performance, psychosocial function and school attendance 4,5 . However, other studies indicate that cognitive performance is relatively robust to short-term fasting in relatively well-nourished children 6 . Aranceta and co-workers stated that it is not clear to what extent breakfast contributes to a better cognitive performance in school. Learning is a complex process resulting from multiple interactions 7 . However, a recent review stated that breakfast may possibly benefit cognitive function, but the interpretation of the results can be complicated by confounding factors such as social and educational variables 3 .It has been reported that routinely eating breakfast may lead to more regular eating habits and exercise patterns, healthy food...

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“…A good breakfast can contribute to a healthy diet rich in carbohydrates and micronutrients. 45,46 In fact, having an adequate breakfast has been related to both physical and cognitive function and better performance at school in children and adolescents. The breakfast habits have changed in the course of time and the number of breakfast skippers has increased during the last 30 y.…”

Section: Dietary Intake and Food Habits La Moreno Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

How to measure dietary intake and food habits in adolescence: the European perspective

et al. 2005

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AIM: This paper deals with some methodological aspects of data collection in the context of measuring dietary intake in individuals in their adolescence life stage. METHOD: Experiences from three partners of the HELENA project in dietary intake measurement in children and adolescents are presented in this paper with emphasis on characteristics of under-reporting, long-term diet measurement and food patterns (Dortmund DONALD group), influences of survey duration on under-reporting (Ghent group) and meal habits (Spanish AVENA group). RESULTS: Under-reporters in the DONALD Study, particularly female adolescents, had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI) than non-under-reporters; BMI could not be explained by different long-term dietary patterns during childhood and adolescence clustered according to fat consumption; consumers of fast food had higher BMI values than nonconsumers. In the Ghent experience, the decline in population mean energy intake as calculated over selected clusters of days is 184 kcal (6.5%) in boys and 116 (5.6%) in girls; the cluster of 1 recording day and the cluster of 3 recording days were not significantly different but they were both significantly different from the 7-day cluster; no significant interaction was observed between the effect of time and BMI. In the AVENA Study, the percentage of adolescents skipping breakfast was higher in females (8.6%) than in males (3.5%, Po0.001); higher BMI values were observed in those skipping breakfast than in those notskipping breakfast, but differences were statistically significant in males at 15 y and in females at 14 and 17 y; adolescents avoiding some food groups for breakfast had higher BMI values (carbohydrates, fruits and pastries in males and milk, fruits and pastries in females). CONCLUSION: Dietary and nutrient intake data in the HELENA project will be obtained by means of repeated 24-h dietary recalls. Data from HELENA might be a basis for developing complex approaches like Healthy Eating Indices.

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Breakfast consumption in Spanish children and young people

Cited by 65 publications

References 44 publications

Breakfast habits among European adolescents and their association with sociodemographic factors: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study

Breakfast habits among European adolescents and their association with sociodemographic factors: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study

Breakfast habits affect overall nutrient profiles in adolescents

How to measure dietary intake and food habits in adolescence: the European perspective

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