Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Cacau, Leandro Teixeira; Miguel-Etayo, Pilar De; Santaliestra-Pasías, Alba M.; Giménez-Legarre, Natalia; Marchioni, Dirce Maria Lobo; Molina‐Hidalgo, Cristina; Censi, Laura; González‐Gross, Marcela; Grammatikaki, Evangelia; Breidenassel, Christina; Ruyter, Thaïs De; Kersting, Mathilde; Gottrand, Frédéric; Androutsos, Odysseas; Gómez‐Martínez, Sonia; Kafatos, Anthony; Widhalm, Kurt; Stehle, Peter; Molnár, Denés; Μanios, Yannis; Henauw, Stefaan De; Moreno, Luis A.

doi:10.3390/children8111044

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A high factor loading of sugar and sweet drinks, processed meat and butter found in the Western pattern was similar to those found in previous studies among Iranian adults 35 , 53 , 58 . At breakfast meal, the “bread, vegetable and cheese” dietary pattern identified in our study was similar to a dietary pattern labeled “Mediterranean” found at a breakfast meal in a cross-sectional study of European adolescents 59 , as well as the “Brazilian southeastern” dietary pattern found at a breakfast meal in a large cross-sectional study in Brazil 60 . Our “oil, egg and cereals” dietary pattern at breakfast meal shared similarities with those found in previous studies among European adolescents 59 and Brazilian adults 61 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…At breakfast meal, the “bread, vegetable and cheese” dietary pattern identified in our study was similar to a dietary pattern labeled “Mediterranean” found at a breakfast meal in a cross-sectional study of European adolescents 59 , as well as the “Brazilian southeastern” dietary pattern found at a breakfast meal in a large cross-sectional study in Brazil 60 . Our “oil, egg and cereals” dietary pattern at breakfast meal shared similarities with those found in previous studies among European adolescents 59 and Brazilian adults 61 . In addition, our “cereals, oil, poultry and, legume” pattern found at dinner meal shared similar food groups to dietary patterns labeled “other grains and fat” 62 , “cereals and legumes” 36 , “traditional” 63 , “healthy” 35 , “fruits and vegetables” 61 , “balanced” 64 found at dinner meals in previous research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Meal-specific dietary patterns and biomarkers of insulin resistance in a sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study

Lesani

Jayedi

Karimi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Current research emphasizes the habitual dietary pattern without differentiating eating occasions. We aimed to assess meal-specific dietary patterns and insulin resistance indicators. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 825 Iranian adults. Dietary data were recorded by three 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (PCA) on main meals and an afternoon snack. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and laboratory investigation, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride, insulin, c-reactive protein (CRP) were done. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and sensitivity (HOMA-IR and HOMA-IS), Triglycerides and glucose (TyG-index), and Lipid accommodation product index were calculated. We used multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) analysis. Two major dietary patterns at the main meals and the afternoon were identified. Higher adherence to “Bread, vegetable, and cheese” dietary pattern at breakfast was related to lower FPG, and “Oil, egg, and cereals” showed a direct association with body mass index, FPG, and TyG-index at breakfast. The “Western” pattern in lunch and dinner directly related to waist circumference (WC) and body mass index, however, it was inversely related to HOMA-IS. This pattern at dinner was related to higher CRP. Higher adherence to “bread, cereals, and oil” pattern at afternoon snack was associated with a lower WC. These results indicated that unhealthy meal-specific dietary patterns are associated with a greater chance of obesity and insulin resistance risk. However, “Bread, vegetable, and cheese” dietary pattern at breakfast was related to lower FPG, and “bread, cereals, and oil” pattern in the afternoon was associated with lower WC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Meal-specific dietary patterns and biomarkers of insulin resistance in a sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study

Lesani

Jayedi

Karimi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…One possible reason is that girls who eat breakfast in a daily basis have shown a higher quality breakfast than boys [37]. Supporting this idea, different breakfast habits among European boys (i.e., higher intake of breakfast cereals, fruit, milk, and dairy, and fewer sugar-sweetened beverages) and girls (i.e., lower intake of pasta, rice, and others) have been inversely related to excess weight [38]. Despite its cross-sectional design, our results indicate that promotion of a healthy eating habit such as having breakfast should be accompanied by increases in daily MVPA, as young participants who have breakfast and with higher daily MVPA seem to be more likely to have no excess weight [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skipping breakfast and excess weight among young people: the moderator role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to test whether the daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) engaged moderate the relationship between breakfast status and excess weight (i.e., overweight and/or obesity) in a Spanish sample of young people. A cross-sectional study involving a total sample of 2890 Spanish schoolchildren (46% girls) aged 6−17 years (M = 12.3 ± 2.6) was conducted. To determine the habit of having breakfast, a dichotomous item about breakfast status (yes/no) from the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and teenagers (KIDMED) was used. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents were fulfilled to offer an estimation of the minutes of MVPA that individuals had in the last seven days. Body mass index (BMI) was converted into z-scores and, therefore, excess weight status (i.e., overweight and/or obesity) was established according to World Health Organization criteria for sex and age. Skipping breakfast was positively related with BMI (z-score) and excess weight. Moderation analyses suggested that daily MVPA minutes moderated the association between skipping breakfast and BMI (boys: β = − 0.175; girls: β = − 0.073) or the excess weight (boys: OR = 1.10; CI 95%, 1.02 to 1.07; girls: OR = 1.14; CI 95%, 1.04 to 1.24), meaning that physical activity of sufficient intensity seems to reduce the effect of skipping breakfast on the body weight status of young people.Conclusion: Our results indicate that promotion of having breakfast should be accompanied by daily MVPA, as young participants who have breakfast and with higher daily MVPA seem to be more likely to have no excess weight. What is Known:• Some of the well-studied factors associated with childhood obesity have been skipping breakfast and insufficient physical activity.• Some studies have pointed out the association between having breakfast and both body mass index and physical activity level, in isolation. What is New:• Daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity moderate the association between skipping breakfast and excess weight.• Breakfast promotion as a healthy eating habit should be accompanied by increases in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, since participants who have breakfast and with higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity seem to be more likely to have no excess weight.

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“…A previous study indicated that the consumption of an energy-dense, high-fat, fast-food–style breakfast resulted in increased postprandial oxidative stress [ 31 ]. Another study found an inverse association between higher adherence to a healthier breakfast pattern and lower odds for overweight/obesity [ 32 ]. Additionally, a 5-week, one-egg-per-day breakfast reduced the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and aspartate amino-transferase (AST) [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Role of Dietary Inflammatory Index in the Association between Eating Breakfast and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sun¹,

Wang²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Obesity is closely related with diet, including the regularity of meals and inflammation in the diet. No previous study focused on the associations among eating breakfast, which is regarded the most important meal, dietary inflammation, and obesity. This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018, with 23,758 participants involved. Obesity and dietary inflammation were measured by body mass index (BMI) and dietary inflammatory index (DII), respectively. Eating breakfast was defined by two days of dietary recalls based on NHANES dietary data. Pro-inflammatory diet and skipping breakfast were positively associated with obesity in the whole population. Compared with eating breakfast in both recalls, skipping breakfast had the higher OR of obesity, especially for individuals who reported no recall. Participants with diabetes were the sensitive population of these associations. Compared with participants who reported breakfast in both recalls, the mediated proportion of participants reported breakfast in one recall and in no recall were 24.71% and 27.34%, respectively. The association between eating breakfast and obesity was partly mediated by DII. We recommended eating breakfast regularly to reduce dietary inflammation, as well as further obesity, especially for diabetic populations.

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Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Meal-specific dietary patterns and biomarkers of insulin resistance in a sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study

Meal-specific dietary patterns and biomarkers of insulin resistance in a sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study

Skipping breakfast and excess weight among young people: the moderator role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity

The Mediating Role of Dietary Inflammatory Index in the Association between Eating Breakfast and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

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