Breaking secular endogamy. The growth of intermarriage among the <i>Gitanos/Calé</i> of Spain (1900–2006)

Gamella, Juan F.; Roldán, Arturo Alvarez

doi:10.1080/1081602x.2022.2159852

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In the 2001 and 2011 censuses, the proportion of Roma people reporting their ethnicity had formed interethnic marriages or cohabiting relationships at a similar rate across genders, with only a slight difference of a few percent in favour of men (Tóth & Vékás, 2008;KSH, 2020;Szabó, 2022). However, this correlation can vary from culture to culture and country to country, for example, a study in Spain found that Roma women are more likely to marry a non-Roma partner (Gamella, 2020;Gamella & Álvarez-Roldán, 2023). At the international level, both among African-Americans and among Africans in Hungary, men are more likely than women to enter into romantic relationships and marriages with members of the majority society (Wang, 2015;Komolafe & Komolafe, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to census data, Roma men in Hungary are more likely to marry non-Roma partners than Roma women (Tóth & Vékás, 2008;Szabó, 2022). However, this correlation may vary across cultures and countries in case of Roma people, as in a study from Spain, Roma women were more likely to marry non-Roma partners ( Gamella, 2020;Gamella & Álvarez-Roldán, 2023). In settlements with a higher proportion of Roma people, homogamous marriages were more common (Tóth & Vékás, 2008).…”

Section: Relationship Characteristics Of Roma Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the characteristics of Roma–non-Roma interethnic romantic relationships using decision tree analysis

Komolafe,

Dávid

2023

Intersections

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Interethnic romantic relationships can be perceived as indicators of integration, but they can also be facilitators of successful social integration. This is why we considered it important to study Roma people who had already had a non-Roma partner. We were looking for answers to the question of what is characteristic of these people compared to those who have only been in a romantic relationship or marriage with a Roma partner throughout their lives. In our study, we investigated the correlations using a Khi2 test and decision tree analysis on a sample of 535 Roma people in Hungary. Among the sociodemographic characteristics, gender, marital status, actual relationship status, educational attainment, belonging to a Roma community (Romungro, Olah, Boyash), occupation and settlement type were significantly associated with whether Roma respondents had ever had a non-Roma partner. Roma people with less than eight years of primary education had the most homogeneous partner choice habits. Roma people with more than eight years of education, unmarried, cohabiting with their partner or not living with their partner had had non-Roma partners in the highest proportion. As educational attainment increases, it can be assumed that more and more Roma-non-Roma romantic relationships and marriages will be formed in Hungary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Characteristics Of Roma Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the characteristics of Roma–non-Roma interethnic romantic relationships using decision tree analysis

Komolafe,

Dávid

2023

Intersections

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“…Gitanos try to preserve a separate ethnic identity, often reinventing their processes of differentiation, which are mainly based on reproductive strategies where specific factors including marriage, gender and kin systems are crucial (Gay Blasco, 1999 ; Martín & Gamella, 2005 ; Gamella & Martín, 2007 ). As a consequence, for example, even though Gitanos and non- Gitanos have cohabited the study area for more than 15 generations, mixed marriages have been traditionally rare (less than 5% for over two centuries in the study area and approaching 10% only very recently; Gamella & Álvarez-Roldán, 2021 ). Gitanos and other European Romani groups (but not all) may constitute exceptional examples of ethnic resistance and integration at the same time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour

et al. 2022

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Humans often “altruistically” punish non-cooperators in one-shot interactions among genetically-unrelated individuals. This poses an evolutionary puzzle because altruistic punishment enforces cooperation norms that benefit the whole group but is costly for the punisher. One key explanation is that punishment follows a social-benefits logic: it is eminently normative and group-functional (drawing on cultural group selection theories). In contrast, mismatch-based deterrence theory argues that punishment serves the individual-level function of deterring mistreatment of oneself and one's allies, hinging upon the evolved human coalitional psychology. We conducted multilateral-cooperation experiments with a sample of Spanish Romani people (Gitanos or Calé) and the non-Gitano majority. The Gitanos represent a unique case study because they rely heavily on close kin-based networks and display a strong ethnic identity. We find that Gitano non-cooperators were not punished by co-ethnics in only-Gitano (ethnically) homogeneous groups but were harshly punished by other Gitanos and by non-Gitanos in ethnically mixed groups. Our findings suggest the existence of culture-specific motives for punishment: Gitanos, especially males, appear to use punishment to protect their ethnic identity, whereas non-Gitanos use punishment to protect a norm of universal cooperation. Only theories that consider normative, group-functional forces underlying punishment behaviour can explain our data.

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Marriage and the reproductive regime of a digitally connected Roma diaspora

Gamella,

Muntean

2023

Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe

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Breaking secular endogamy. The growth of intermarriage among the Gitanos/Calé of Spain (1900–2006)

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Examining the characteristics of Roma–non-Roma interethnic romantic relationships using decision tree analysis

Examining the characteristics of Roma–non-Roma interethnic romantic relationships using decision tree analysis

Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour

Marriage and the reproductive regime of a digitally connected Roma diaspora

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