Breast arterial calcifications as an indicator of systemic vascular disease

Markopoulos, Christos; Mantas, D.; Revenas, Konstantinos; Kouskos, E; A, Tzonou; Liapis, Christos D.; Kostakis, A.

doi:10.1080/02841850410008261

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The study period ranged from 1995 to 2011, and the studies looked at relation between BAC and CVD, cardiovascular (CV) mortality, coronary, cerebral or systemic atherosclerosis, CIMT, and coronary calcium. We found 19 studies 7–25 looking at the association of BAC and CAD and/or CVD, 8 studies between BAC and stroke, 7–9,20,21,23,24,26 2 studies between BAC and PAD, 27,28 3 studies between BAC and CIMT, 16,19,29 and 2 studies between BAC and coronary artery calcification (CAC). 30,31 Tables 1 and 2 show detailed information regarding individual studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were 2 studies showing the association between BAC and PAD, 27,28 3 between BAC and CIMT, 16,19,29 and 2 between BAC and CAC. 30,31 Table 2 shows description of the studies along with their ORs and 95% CIs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,28 Dale et al 27 looked at women undergoing mammography and identified those with documented PAD using hospital data. They reported a prevalent OR of 3.09, with sensitivity and specificity of BAC being 42% and 80%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported a prevalent OR of 3.09, with sensitivity and specificity of BAC being 42% and 80%, respectively. Markopoulos et al 28 divided study subjects into 3 groups as follows: those undergoing mammography, those undergoing vascular surgery, and BAC-negative women undergoing breast surgery. They showed a relation between BAC and systemic vascular disease in carotid or femoral arteries detected by duplex scan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mammographically Detectable Breast Arterial Calcification and Atherosclerosis

Shah

Chainani

Delafontaine

et al. 2014

Cardiology in Review

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Breast arterial calcification (BAC), observed as an incidental finding on screening mammograms, represents degenerative calcific changes occurring in the mammary arteries, with increasing age. The aim of this review is to discuss relevant literature examining relation between BAC and atherosclerosis. After a thorough literature search, in OVID and PubMed, 199 studies were identified, of which 25 were relevant to our review. Data were abstracted from each study and statistical analysis was done, including calculation of odds ratios and construction of forest plots. A total of 35,542 patients were enrolled across 25 studies looking at an association between BAC and coronary artery disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, cerebral artery disease, carotid and peripheral artery diseases, and coronary artery calcification. A majority of the studies showed a statistically significant relation between BAC and presence of coronary artery disease cardiovascular disease and associated mortality. Sensitivity of BAC in predicting cardiovascular events was low, but specificity was high. BAC was predictive of incident and prevalent stroke but not mortality of stroke. Similarly, BAC was predictive of cerebral, carotid, and peripheral artery diseases. The role of BAC as a surrogate marker of coronary and systemic atherosclerosis is currently uncertain. Its role may be further elucidated by more large-scale prospective studies and clinical experience.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mammographically Detectable Breast Arterial Calcification and Atherosclerosis

Shah

Chainani

Delafontaine

et al. 2014

Cardiology in Review

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“…Screening mammography is recognized as the most important tool for the detection of breast cancer (17,18).It has been suggested that breast arterial calcification (BAC) seen on mammography could be an indicator of generalized vascular disease (19,20).…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Breast Arterial Calcification a Reliable Indicator of Coronary Artery Disease?

Mohamed¹,

Awad²

2016

IJAR

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Association of breast arterial calcification and carotid intima-media thickness

Yıldız

Ertug

et al. 2008

Heart Vessels

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Breast arterial calcification (BAC) on mammography has been identified as calcific medial sclerosis of medium-sized breast arteries, and has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery disease, and cardiovascular mortality. Carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) is a well-known surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the present study was designed to investigate the association between the presence of BAC on mammography and C-IMT. Twenty-five postmenopausal cases with BAC and 29 subjects without BAC on mammography were included in the study. Cardiovascular risk factors, number of childbirths, postmenopausal duration, and age at menopause were all noted besides detailed physical and laboratory examination. In the whole study population C-IMT was measured with B-mode ultrasound. The women with BAC had significantly increased number of childbirths, postmenopausal duration, frequency of diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and CIMT (0.87 +/- 0.17 mm versus 0.60 +/- 0.19 mm) in comparison with the women without BAC (P < 0.05 for all). The C-IMT was correlated with age, number of childbirths, postmenopausal duration, presence of BAC, and serum triglyceride level (P < 0.05 for all). Independent predictors of C-IMT were the presence of BAC on mammography (beta = 0.463, P < 0.001) and serum triglyceride level (beta = 0.222, P = 0.042), whereas the only independent predictor of BAC was CIMT (chi(2) = 23.41, beta = 7.56, P = 0.004). Findings of the present study suggest that the BAC on mammography is independently associated with C-IMT. Screening mammographies merit to be evaluated for the presence of BAC, which might benefit cardiovascular preventive medicine in women by predicting atherosclerosis.

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Breast arterial calcifications as an indicator of systemic vascular disease

Abstract: Screening mammograms might be useful in the detection of women at risk for systemic vascular disease.

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Mammographically Detectable Breast Arterial Calcification and Atherosclerosis

Mammographically Detectable Breast Arterial Calcification and Atherosclerosis

Is Breast Arterial Calcification a Reliable Indicator of Coronary Artery Disease?

Association of breast arterial calcification and carotid intima-media thickness

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