Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy (HRT): collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer

Beral, V

doi:10.1186/bcr486

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Epidemiologic studies of postmenopausal hormones report that use of combination estrogen plus progestin therapy is associated with a greater increased risk of breast cancer than estrogen-only therapy. This report supports the "estrogen augmented by progestin" hypothesis that these hormones in combination would produce a higher mitotic rate in the breast epithelium than estrogen alone [20][21][22].…”

Section: Role Of Estrogen and Progesterone In Breast Carcinogenesissupporting

confidence: 86%

Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Figueiredo

Haile²,

Bernstein³

2009

Curr Breast Cancer Rep

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Estrogen and progestin in oral contraceptives may be carcinogenic to the breast, and their use has been associated with a modest increase in the risk of breast cancer in the general female population. Women who carry deleterious mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have a signifi cantly higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer. The literature on the role of oral contraceptives in carriers is sparse and the results are inconclusive. Findings from some case-control studies and the International BRCA1/2 Carrier Cohort Study suggest that oral contraceptive use may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Understanding the potential effects of oral contraceptive use among carriers has important implications for preventive strategies and clinical management. Both the possible protective effect for ovarian cancer risk and the increased potential risk of breast cancer must be considered.

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Section: Role Of Estrogen and Progesterone In Breast Carcinogenesissupporting

confidence: 86%

Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Figueiredo

Haile²,

Bernstein³

2009

Curr Breast Cancer Rep

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“…incidence of breast cancer, 6,7 endometrial cancer, and venous thromboembolism. 8,9 Whether the net effect of postmenopausal hormones is to increase life expectancy is still unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized, placebo-controlled trial on the effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on quality of life in postmenopausal women

et al. 2005

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Objective: Postmenopausal estrogen decline is implicated in several age-related physical and psychological changes in women, including decreases in perceived quality of life (QoL). A number of trials with hormone therapy showed beneficial effects of the intervention on parameters of quality of life. However, because of known or suspected serious side-effects of conventional hormone therapy there is a need for alternatives.Design: We conducted a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial with soy protein, containing 52 mg genistein, 41 mg daidzein, and 6 mg glycitein (aglycone weights), or milk protein (placebo) daily for 1 year. For this trial, we recruited 202 postmenopausal women aged 60 to 75 years.Results: At baseline and at final visit, participants filled in the Short Form of 36 questions (SF-36), the Questionnaire on Life Satisfaction Modules (QLS M ), and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). For the placebo group scores on all dimensions of the SF-36 and the QLS M decreased during the intervention year, except for the dimension ''role limitations caused by physical problems.'' The soy group showed increases on two dimensions of the SF-36 (''social functioning'' and ''role limitations caused by physical problems'') and on one dimension of the QLS M . There were however no statistically significant differences in changes of scores between the two intervention groups. For the GDS similarly, no significant differences were found between the groups.Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings in this randomized trial do not support the presence of a marked effect of soy protein substitution on quality of life (health status, life satisfaction, and depression) in elderly postmenopausal women.

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“…The effect of the phytoestrogens therefore strongly differs between preand post-menopause. Given the wide use of hormone replacement therapies and the identification of its contribution to the breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women [185] many groups seek safe substitutes for it. This has determined much consideration of phytoestrogens in the hope they might maintain the beneficial effects of estrogens on vascular health without the detrimental pro-carcinogenic effect.…”

Section: Anti-angiogenic Phytoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional genomics of endothelial cells treated with anti-angiogenic or angiopreventive drugs

Albini

Indraccolo

Noonan

et al. 2010

Clin Exp Metastasis

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Angiogenesis is a highly regulated physiological process that has been studied in considerable detail given its importance in several chronic pathologies. Many endogenous factors and hormones intervene in the regulation of angiogensis and classical as well as targeted drugs have been developed for its control. Angiogenesis inhibition has come off the bench and entered into clinical application for cancer therapy, particularly for metastatic disease. While the clinical benefit is currently in terms of months, preclinical data suggest that novel drugs and drug combinations could lead to substantial improvement. The many targets of endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors reflect the complexity of the process; in contrast, current clinical therapies mainly target the vascular endothelial growth factor system. Cancer chemopreventive compounds can retard tumor insurgence and delay or prevent metastasis and many of these molecules hinder angiogenesis, a mechanism that we termed angioprevention. Angiopreventive drugs appear to prevalently act through the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic player NFkappaB, thus contrasting inflammation dependent angiogenesis. Relatively little is known concerning the effects of these angiogenesis inhibitors on gene expression of endothelial cells, the main target of many of these molecules. Here we provide an exhaustive list of anti-angiogenic molecules, and summarize their effects, where known, on the transcriptome and functional genomics of endothelial cells. The regulation of specific genes can be crucial to preventive or therapeutic intervention. Further, novel targets might help to circumvent resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. The studies we review are relevant not only to cancer but also to other chronic degenerative diseases involving endothelial cells, such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and retinopaties, as well as vessel aging.

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Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy (HRT): collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

A randomized, placebo-controlled trial on the effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on quality of life in postmenopausal women

Functional genomics of endothelial cells treated with anti-angiogenic or angiopreventive drugs

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