Breast Cancer and the Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review

Cherukuri, Swathi P; Dasaradhan, Thejaswi; Koneti, Jancy; Gadde, Sai; Kalluru, Revanth

doi:10.7759/cureus.27917

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…These findings underscore the importance of assessing cardiovascular risk factors in breast cancer patients, as these factors could potentially influence disease outcomes and treatment strategies. The prevalence of these risk factors in this study aligns with those of previous studies that have reported similar patterns of cardiovascular risk factors in breast cancer patients, indicating the consistency of these associations across different populations [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Analyzing Cardiovascular Characteristics of Patients Initially Diagnosed with Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia

Alnefaie,

Alosaimi,

Althobaiti

et al. 2023

Cureus

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IntroductionCancer is a condition where abnormal cells proliferate uncontrollably, leading to metastasis, which can be related to death. Breast cancer is the most prevalent type among women worldwide. Early detection with screening mammography has contributed to the decline in breast cancer incidence and mortality. Breast cancer patients are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease, with elderly patients dying from complications. Understanding the patients' cardiovascular status prior to treatment is essential. The study's objective was to evaluate the cardiovascular characteristics of women with breast cancer at diagnosis within the designated time frame of one year. MethodologyThis was a retrospective study that focused on patients in Taif City, Saudi Arabia, who were initially diagnosed with primary breast cancer over a span of one year. The inclusion criteria encompassed eligible patients, while those not meeting the criteria were excluded. Data extraction from patients' records was conducted, and the analysis was executed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). ResultsThis study analyzed the cardiovascular attributes of breast cancer patients, focusing on 136 female cases. The study found significant patterns concerning cardiovascular risk factors in breast cancer patients, categorized by menopausal status. Premenopausal female cases had a mean age of 43.09 ± 8.31 years, while postmenopausal patients had an average age of 58.07 ± 11.70 years. Postmenopausal patients had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, irregular menstrual cycles, type II diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia compared to their premenopausal counterparts. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, axillary lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis. This study emphasized the importance of regular check-ups for menopausal women to detect potential health complications early. ConclusionIn summary, breast cancer is a global health concern, and understanding its impact on the cardiovascular system is crucial for comprehensive patient care. A study in Saudi Arabia found associations between cardiovascular risk factors and menopausal status in breast cancer patients. Postmenopausal patients had more prevalent risk factors, emphasizing the need for proactive assessment and management. Ageappropriate screenings and interventions are essential. Integrated healthcare approaches should consider the interplay between breast cancer and cardiovascular health, with medical professionals vigilant in evaluating and addressing risk factors to mitigate complications and optimize long-term outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Analyzing Cardiovascular Characteristics of Patients Initially Diagnosed with Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia

Alnefaie,

Alosaimi,

Althobaiti

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…The risk for CTR-CVT is twice as high in survivors of several solid cancers and lymphoma compared with the general population (21)(22)(23). The long-term real-life data in this study reveal an even higher cumulative incidence after BC, with a cumulative CTR-CVT incidence of 71.8%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Long-term and real-life incidence of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity in patients with breast cancer: a Swedish cohort study

et al. 2023

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BackgroundThe administration of anticancer drugs in females with comorbidity increases the risk for cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT), which in turn contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, a pathophysiological connection between cancer and cardiovascular disease may exist.ObjectiveTo assess the long-term risks and predictors of CTR-CVT, including clinical hypertension (HT), coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), as well as all-cause mortality in women diagnosed with early breast cancer (BC) and eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy in Sweden.MethodsData were extracted from Swedish registers and medical records on 433 women, 18-60 years of age, diagnosed 1998-2002 with lymph node-positive BC, and considered for adjuvant chemotherapy. CTR-CVT was defined as HT, CAD, HF, or AF after the diagnosis of BC. Follow-up was from the date of BC diagnosis until November 30, 2021, or death. Prevalence of CTR-CVT and all-cause mortality were calculated. Hazard ratios (HR) were determined for factors associated with CTR-CVT.ResultsThe median age was 50 (interquartile range (IQR) 32) years. 910 CTR-CVT events were diagnosed in 311 women with a median of 19.3 (IQR 15,3) years follow-up. The proportions of CTR-CVT events were: HT 281 (64%); CAD 198 (46%); HF 206 (47%); and AF 225 (51%). The cumulative incidence of CTR-CVT was 71.8%, and 50% of all 433 patients developed CTR-CVT within 11.7 years of BC diagnosis (standard deviation (SD) 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.6-12.9). Age was a risk factor for CTR-CVT. Anthracycline increased the risk for HF (p=0,001; HR 2,0; 95%CI 1,4-2,8), CAD (p= 0,002; HR 1,7; 95% CI 1,2-2,4), and AF (p=0,013; HR 1,5; 95% CI 1,0-2,0). At the end of the 24-year study period, 227 of the 433 women were alive, and the total cumulative mortality was 47,6%.ConclusionThe prevalence of CTR-CVT and all-cause mortality is high after BC diagnosis and treatment, particularly in older patients and those receiving anthracyclines. These findings and the onset of CTR-CVT support cardio-oncology guidelines recommending initial risk stratification and cardiovascular monitoring during treatment, followed by long-term annual screening for cardiovascular risk factors and CTR-CVT among BC survivors.

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“… 51 Breast cancer treatments, including trastuzumab targeted therapy, anthracycline-based chemotherapy, aromatase inhibitors, and radiation therapy (especially for left-sided breast cancer) can cause cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction. 52 , 53 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Chest Pain Protocol for Women Presenting to the Emergency Department

Jaffer,

Noble,

Pozgay

et al. 2023

CJC Open

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Breast Cancer and the Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 85 publications

Analyzing Cardiovascular Characteristics of Patients Initially Diagnosed with Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia

Analyzing Cardiovascular Characteristics of Patients Initially Diagnosed with Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia

Long-term and real-life incidence of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity in patients with breast cancer: a Swedish cohort study

The Development of a Chest Pain Protocol for Women Presenting to the Emergency Department

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