Breast cancer, human immunodeficiency virus and highly active antiretroviral treatment; implications for a high-rate seropositive region

Chirkut, Subash

doi:10.4081/oncol.2019.376

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…This study found an enigma concerning the association between breast cancer and retroviral infections. In contrast to published bodies of literature reporting lower or equivalent breast cancer rate in patients with retroviral infection compared to general population, our study found that the proportion of breast cancer patients with retroviral infection exceeded 10%, which is far more than the rate of retroviral infections in the capital, 3.4% [ 17 , 18 ]. We understand that the study was not designed to answer this question.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Experience with modified radical mastectomy in a low-income country: a multi-center prospective observational study

et al. 2021

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Background Modified radical mastectomy is the procedure of choice in centers with little to no radiotherapy services. Studying the in-hospital outcome and complications associated with the procedure is important in low-income countries. Methods This is a multi-center prospective observational study involving all patients operated with modified radical mastectomy with curative intent. Results A total of 87 patients were studied with 10.3% of which were male and 54% were between the age of 30–49 years. Clinical stage IIB and IIIA were reported in 33 (37.9%) and 25 (28.7%) respectively and 62.1% had clinically positive lymph nodes at presentation. All of the studied patients underwent curative surgery, with an average lymph node dissection of 10.2 ± 0.83. Seroma rate was 17.2% and was significantly associated with diabetes (AOR: 6.2 (CI 1.5–8.7)) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (AOR: 8.9 (CI 1.2–14.2)). Surgical site infection occurred in 14.9% and was significantly associated with Retroviral infections (AOR: 4.2 (CI 2.1–5.8)) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (AOR: 1.8 (CI 1.3–3.9)). No in-hospital mortality occurred during the course of the study. Conclusion Seroma rate was lower than published studies while surgical site infections rate was higher. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with increase in seroma and surgical site infection rates. Additionally, diabetes increased the rate of seroma. Surgical site infections were higher in patients with retroviral infections.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Experience with modified radical mastectomy in a low-income country: a multi-center prospective observational study

et al. 2021

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“…Breast: The literature reveals that breast carcinoma does not seem to increase in incidence within the HIV infected population. [30,31] In present study, all three patients presented with disseminated disease. Patients over a Period of 16 Years Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital Colorectal Cancer (CRC): O'Neill TJ et al reviewed colo rectal data of 1660 cases and concluded that risk of CRC is similar in people living with and without HIV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Spectrum of HIV Associated Malignancies: A Retrospective Study of 42 Patients over a Period of 16 Years Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

Tanwar¹,

Saxena²,

Tanwar³

et al. 2021

CRJ

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Introduction:The Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a serious public health concern in India and around the world at large. Malignancy is frequent among people living with HIV (PLWH) has become the leading cause of death. The incidence of malignancy among PLWH depends on various factors; virological control under combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the exposure to oncogenic virus is of utmost importance, which can be prevented with the implementation of specific screening programs. Drug-drug interactions between cART and oncologic treatments can lead to serious adverse effects or to a reduction in the therapeutic effects requiring close monitoring. Methods: This is a single center retrospective study conducted on 42 seropositive patients attending a tertiary care oncology department from July 2005 to June 2021 to assess the demographic profile; laboratory investigations, clinico-pathological correlation, treatment outcome and survival follow up. Results: A total of 26410 patients were registered in the department during this period, out of which 42 (0.16%) were found to be HIV positive. These included head & neck -13; uterine cervix-7; lung -4; esophagus-4; NHL-4; recto sigmoid -3; breast-3; gall bladder; endometrium, choriocarcinoma (CCA) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) one each. Conclusion; Seropositive patients often present in advanced stage of disease but have a good prognosis if treated appropriately with anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Very few studies have been published in India regarding the incidence of malignancy in HIV patients credited as one of the largest study published till date.

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“…reside in the 403 km 3 area of the capital, Lilongwe, located in the central region which primarily consists of Chewa (71%), Tumbuka (3.2%), and Lomwe (3.1%) tribes [11]. Though breast cancer represents approximately 4-7% of new female cancer diagnoses in Malawi, this incidence is predicted to increase due to population aging, 'Westernization' of lifestyles, declining morbidity and mortality related to infectious diseases such as HIV, and corresponding rise of non-communicable diseases [8,10,[12][13][14][15]. Given high HIV prevalence in SSA, HIV is a relatively common comorbidity among women with breast cancer in the region [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes and prognostic factors for women with breast cancer in Malawi

Youngblood

Nyirenda

Nyasosela

et al. 2020

Cancer Causes Control

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Background Breast cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is increasing, and SSA has the highest age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate worldwide. However, high-quality breast cancer data are limited in SSA. Materials and MethodsWe examined breast cancer patient and tumor characteristics among women in Lilongwe, Malawi and evaluated risk factor associations with patient outcomes. We consecutively enrolled 100 women ≥ 18 years with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed breast cancer into a prospective longitudinal cohort with systematically assessed demographic data, HIV status, and clinical characteristics. Tumor subtypes were further determined by immunohistochemistry, overall survival (OS) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods, and hazards ratios (HR) were calculated by Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results Of the 100 participants, median age was 49 years, 19 were HIV-positive, and 75 presented with late stage (III/IV) disease. HER2-enriched and triple-negative/basal-like subtypes represented 17% and 25% tumors, respectively. One-year OS for the cohort was 74% (95% CI 62-83%). Multivariable analyses revealed mortality was associated with HIV (HR, 5.15;

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Breast cancer, human immunodeficiency virus and highly active antiretroviral treatment; implications for a high-rate seropositive region

Cited by 10 publications

References 94 publications

Experience with modified radical mastectomy in a low-income country: a multi-center prospective observational study

Experience with modified radical mastectomy in a low-income country: a multi-center prospective observational study

Spectrum of HIV Associated Malignancies: A Retrospective Study of 42 Patients over a Period of 16 Years Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

Outcomes and prognostic factors for women with breast cancer in Malawi

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