Abstract. Overexpression of ABCG2 is considered a major mechanism of cancer drug resistance. Recent studies have shown that ABCG2 can regulate the switch between symmetric and asymmetric cell division in adult stem cells; however, the relationship between ABCG2 and cell division in drugresistant cancer cells remains to be determined. In the present study, we demonstrated that ABCG2 is involved in the cell division of drug-resistant cancer cells. We first established drug-resistant H460 and A549 cell lines by repeated exposure to cisplatin and found that the expression of ABCG2 in these cell lines was significantly increased. As evidenced by PKH-26 staining, these drug-resistant cell lines favored symmetric division, which differed from the asymmetric division of the parental cells. Furthermore, we established stable ABCG2-overexpressing and stable shRNA-ABCG2-knockdown cell lines to evaluate the potential role of ABCG2 in cancer cell division. The results showed that overexpression of ABCG2 in A549 parental cells significantly increased the proportion of symmetric division, whereas knockdown of ABCG2 in drug-resistant A549 cells significantly increased the proportion of asymmetric division. Taken together, our findings suggest that ABCG2 is involved in the modulation of cancer drug resistance by regulating the pattern of cell division. The present study provides novel insight into the role of ABCG2 in cancer treatment resistance.
IntroductionChemotherapy is a key method of treatment in the primary and palliative care of patients with lung cancer, of which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of cases. Cisplatin is one of the most common chemotherapeutic drugs for lung cancer treatment, particularly for NSCLC; however, many patients have resistance to cisplatin initially and secondarily (1,2). To overcome drug resistance, patients with NSCLC are administered large doses of drugs, which induce numerous adverse effects and fail to improve the clinical prognosis. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin resistance is warranted to further clarify the exact mechanisms underlying chemoresistance and to find or design efficient drugs to improve individual chemotherapy strategies for NSCLC patients.Increasing studies have shown that the active effluence of chemotherapeutic drugs from cancer cells is one of the main mechanisms of drug resistance. Cancer cells often exhibit drug resistance with the overexpression of membrane transport proteins, which effectively pump antitumor drugs out (3). The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) multi-drug transporters, such as ABCG2 (BCRP/MXR/ABCP), are considered to be responsible for the bulk of drug efflux in human cancer (4). Moreover, the overexpression of ABCG2 has been reported to confer drug resistance upon NSCLC to various chemotherapeutic drugs (5). Furthermore, a previous study also showed ABCG2 to be closely associated with clinical outcome in platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC patients. For example, ABCG2-...