Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Using the Gail Model: a Turkish Study

Erbi̇l, Nülüfer; Dundar, Nursel; Inan, Cigdem; Bölükbaş, Nurgül

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.1.303

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…By applying the GM for the current study, the findings showed that about (30%) of the sample had a higher five years risk and about (19%) had a high lifetime risk. On the other hand, our findings are higher than other previously published researches (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 98%

Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk Among Women Using the Gail Model, Egypt.

Mortada.¹

2017

IJAR

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The rationale of this study: breast cancer is an increasingglobal public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality. Lots of debates over the actualvalue of screening program at population level continue justifying, enthusiasm for risk-stratified screening is gaining momentum and can be useful for guiding public health strategies of breast cancer prevention. The Gail model is considered the best available means to quantify an individual woman's risk of developing BC and is crucial to provide risk-benefit analysis before deciding interventions designed to lower breast cancer risk. Objectives: to identify the mean five years and lifetime risk development of breast cancer among Egyptian women. Methods: cross sectional study conducted on a sample of 156 women attending family planning clinics using systematic random sampling technique. The instrument used is based on the information required for analysis by the Gail model. Results:after analyzing the collected data according to the Gail Model, about 30% of the sampled females had high risk for developing BC >1.66% with their mean five-year breast cancer risk was 1.53±1.49, and their mean lifetime breast cancer risk up to age 90 years was 20.54 ±11.86. Conculsions:our findings surges the need for BC screening services for early detection directed mainly for women with multiple risk factors making informed decisions about the screening methods best suited to their individual situations.

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Section: Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 98%

Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk Among Women Using the Gail Model, Egypt.

Mortada.¹

2017

IJAR

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“…13,15,16 In the present study 21 women (1.8%) reported lump in breast in the past. In the Turkish study proportion of women having biopsy was reported as 9%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

“…In the Turkish study, 7.3% of the women had given birth to the child at the age 30 years and above. 13 In a case control study in Kerala they found that 9% of the women in control group had child after the age of 30 years. 15 Breastfeeding is common practice in India, and therefore the present study found that only 17 (1.6%) women had not breast fed their child.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings are similar to the study conducted by Erbil where 3.9% were unmarried. 13 Proportion of married women who did not have children was 28 (2.5%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Eight women (0.7%) reported family history of breast cancer in grandmother (1), mother (4), sister (2) and aunt (1). In the Udupi study the women did not report family history of breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 30 years and above in Mumbai

Dyavarishetty¹,

Kowli

2018

Int J Community Med Public Health

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INTRODUCTIONIt is estimated that the prevalence of breast cancer in India is 92.6/lakh population with a mortality rate of 12.7/lakh population.1 Breast Cancer though on the rise in Indian women, is still not perceived by the women as a disease that they are at risk. Women feel that they are unlikely to get breast cancer. Awareness about the disease, its risk factors and the need to undergo breast cancer screening is poor.Though both men and women can develop breast cancer, women are more at risk of breast cancer.2 Age increases the risk of breast cancer. Most breast cancers develop after the age of 50 years. 2 However in women, the age at which women get breast cancer is much lower than in developed countries, almost a decade earlier.3-5 Early onset of menarche, first live birth at the age of 30 years and above, never giving birth to a child, starting menopause after the age of 55 years, being physical inactive, being obese, having dense breasts, use of combined oral contraceptive pills, personal history of breast cancer, personal history of non-cancerous breast disease, previous radiotherapy treatment, and history of breast cancer in the first degree relatives increases the risk of breast cancer. 2 ABSTRACTBackground: Even though there is an increasing trend of breast cancer, women still do not perceive themselves at risk. Poor awareness about the disease and its risk factors and the absence of population based screening contribute to delayed diagnosis. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of various risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 30 years and above. Methods: The cross-sectional study using convenience sampling of all women aged 30 years and above was conducted in Mumbai. Of the 2430 women enumerated in the study area, 1158 women participated in the study. Risk factors for breast cancer assessed included age at menarche; age at first child birth; breastfeeding; use of oral contraceptive pills, age of menopause, first degree relatives with history of breast cancer, history of current and past breast cancer; history of any previous breast related abnormalities. Results: 15.5% of the women had atleast one risk factor for breast cancer. The prevalence of individual risk factors was below 6%. Conclusions: Prevalence of the risk factors for breast cancer is not very high, but never the less, the increasing trend of breast cancer in the country makes it imperative to introduce population based screening for all women with or without risk factor.

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