Breast Cancer Risk Following Bilateral Oophorectomy in <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> Mutation Carriers: An International Case-Control Study

Eisen, Andrea; Lubiński, Jan; Klijn, Jan G.M.; Møller, Pål; Lynch, Henry T.; Offit, Kenneth; Weber, Barbara; Rebbeck, Tim; Neuhausen, Susan L.; Ghadirian, Parviz; Foulkes, William D.; Gershoni‐Baruch, Ruth; Friedman, Eitan; Rennert, Gad; Wagner, Teresa; Isaacs, Claudine; Kim-Sing, Charmaine; Ainsworth, Peter; Sun, Ping; Narod, Steven A.

doi:10.1200/jco.2004.00.7138

Cited by 396 publications

(314 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several studies have reported that the incidence of breast cancer declines in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations following an oopohorectomy Kauff et al, 2002;Eisen et al, 2005). In the largest of these, Eisen et al (2005) performed a casecontrol study on 1439 BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer, and 1866 matched controls without breast cancer.…”

Section: Oophorectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the largest of these, Eisen et al (2005) performed a casecontrol study on 1439 BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer, and 1866 matched controls without breast cancer. Among BRCA1 mutation carriers, the risk of breast cancer among women who had an oophorectomy was decreased by 56% (OR ¼ 0.44, 95% CI: 0.29-0.66) (Eisen et al, 2005). A protective effect was observed among both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers for 15 years following oophorectomy (OR ¼ 0.39, 95% CI: 0.26-0.57).…”

Section: Oophorectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modifiers of risk of hereditary breast cancer

Narod

2006

Oncogene

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Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes confer a high lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer. The risk varies from individual to individual, and it appears that the risk has increased in recent generations. These observations imply that non-genetic factors may modify the inherited risk. To date, the factors that appear most strongly to modify the risk include reproductive histories and exogenous hormones. Oral contraceptives are associated with a profound reduction in the risk of ovarian cancer, and with little or no increase in the risk of breast cancer. Other modifying factors include age of menarche, parity, breastfeeding and oophorectomy. The effect of parity is different in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Multiparity appears to be protective in BRCA1 carriers, but is associated with an increase in risk in BRCA2 carriers. Oophorectomy has been associated with reductions in both the risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Knowledge of these risk factors will be useful for managing risk and for developing prevention strategies.

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Section: Oophorectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oophorectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifiers of risk of hereditary breast cancer

Narod

2006

Oncogene

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“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Documenting family history is important for recognizing individuals who may have a predisposition to HBOC or Lynch syndrome, particularly individuals without a personal history of cancer who may have the most to gain from genetic risk assessment and resulting recommendations for risk-appropriate cancer screening and prevention. In addition, genetic testing can refine the genetic risk in high-risk families and further inform recommendations for screening and prevention, particularly when a familial mutation is known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cancer genetics toolkit improves access to genetic services through documentation and use of the family history by primary-care clinicians

Scheuner

Hamilton

Peredo

et al. 2014

Genetics in Medicine

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Purpose:We developed, implemented, and evaluated a multicomponent cancer genetics toolkit designed to improve recognition and appropriate referral of individuals at risk for hereditary cancer syndromes. Methods:We evaluated toolkit implementation in the women's clinics at a large Veterans Administration medical center using mixed methods, including pre-post semistructured interviews, clinician surveys, and chart reviews, and during implementation, monthly tracking of genetic consultation requests and use of a reminder in the electronic health record. We randomly sampled 10% of progress notes 6 months before (n = 139) and 18 months during implementation (n = 677). Results:The toolkit increased cancer family history documentation by almost 10% (26.6% pre-and 36.3% postimplementation). The reminder was a key component of the toolkit; when used, it was associated with a twofold increase in cancer family history documentation (odds ratio = 2.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.39-3.15), and the history was more complete. Patients whose clinicians completed the reminder were twice as likely to be referred for genetic consultation (4.1-9.6%, P < 0.0001). Conclusion:A multicomponent approach to the systematic collection and use of family history by primary-care clinicians increased access to genetic services.

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“…A detailed review of the nongenetic risk factors is beyond the scope of this review, but it is worth reviewing briefly some of the risk factors that provided consistent evidence of association with breast cancer risk for mutation carriers across several studies. Briefly, these include parity and ⁄ or increasing number of live births, which were found to be associated with decreased breast cancer risk [76][77][78], oral contraceptive use, where there have been reports for both increased and decreased breast cancer risks associated with oral contraceptive use [79][80][81], bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy, which has been shown to be consistently protective for breast cancer risk in mutation carriers [82][83][84], and use of the chemoprevention drug tamoxifen, which has been shown to be protective for contralateral breast cancer in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers [86,87]. In addition, exposure to chest X-rays has been associated with increased breast cancer risks for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers [88].…”

Section: Environmental Hormonal and Reproductive Modifiers Of Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling modifiers of breast and ovarian cancer risk forBRCA1andBRCA2mutation carriers: update on genetic modifiers

Barnes¹,

Antoniou²

2012

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Abstract. Barnes DR, Antoniou AC (Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK). Unravelling modifiers of breast and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: update on genetic modifiers (Review). J Intern Med 2012;271: 331-343.Pathogenic mutations in the tumour suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer increased risks for breast and ovarian cancer and account for approximately 15% of the excess familial risk of breast cancer amongst first-degree relatives of patients with breast cancer. There is considerable evidence indicating that these risks vary by other genetic and environmental factors clustering in families. In the past few years, based on the availability of genomewide association data and samples from large collaborative studies, several common alleles have been found to modify breast or ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. These common alleles explain a small proportion of the genetic variability in breast or ovarian cancer risk for mutation carriers, suggesting more modifiers remain to be identified. We review the so far identified genetic modifiers of breast and ovarian cancer risk and consider the implications for risk prediction. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers could be some of the first to benefit from clinical applications of common variants identified through genomewide association studies. However, to be able to provide more individualized risk estimates, it will be important to understand how the associations vary with different tumour characteristics and their interactions with other genetic and environmental modifiers.

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Breast Cancer Risk Following Bilateral Oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: An International Case-Control Study

Abstract: Oophorectomy is an effective means of reducing the risk of breast cancer in carriers of BRCA1 mutations. The data suggest oophorectomy is protective in BRCA2 carriers as well, but needs to be confirmed in other studies.

Cited by 396 publications

References 22 publications

Modifiers of risk of hereditary breast cancer

Modifiers of risk of hereditary breast cancer

A cancer genetics toolkit improves access to genetic services through documentation and use of the family history by primary-care clinicians

Unravelling modifiers of breast and ovarian cancer risk forBRCA1andBRCA2mutation carriers: update on genetic modifiers

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