Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Allison, Eleanor; Edirimanne, Senarath; Matthews, Jim; Fuller, Stephen J.

doi:10.1007/s40487-022-00214-3

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…MIF was significantly highly expressed on the cell membrane of cancer cells. CD163 serves as a marker of M2‐type macrophages 24 and also plays an important role in the occurrence and development of TNBC 25 . We observed that in the low CD163 expression group, higher MIF expression was associated with more severe clinicopathological stage ( p = .004; Figure 5I).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

MIF as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for triple‐negative breast cancer that correlates with the polarization of M2 macrophages

Chen,

Liu,

Hong

et al. 2024

The FASEB Journal

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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in antitumor immunity. However, the role of MIF in influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prognosis of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains to be elucidated. Using R, we analyzed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data of 41 567 cells from 10 TNBC tumor samples and spatial transcriptomic data from two patients. Relationships between MIF expression and immune cell infiltration, clinicopathological stage, and survival prognosis were determined using samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validated in a clinical cohort using immunohistochemistry. Analysis of scRNA‐seq data revealed that MIF secreted by epithelial cells in TNBC patients could regulate the polarization of macrophages into the M2 phenotype, which plays a key role in modulating the TME. Spatial transcriptomic data also showed that epithelial cells (tumor cells) and MIF were proximally located. Analysis of TCGA samples confirmed that tumor tissues of patients with high MIF expression were enriched with M2 macrophages and showed a higher T stage. High MIF expression was significantly associated with poor patient prognosis. Immunohistochemical staining showed high MIF expression was associated with younger patients and worse clinicopathological staging. MIF secreted by epithelial cells may represent a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of TNBC and may promote TNBC invasion by remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

MIF as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for triple‐negative breast cancer that correlates with the polarization of M2 macrophages

Chen,

Liu,

Hong

et al. 2024

The FASEB Journal

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“…Histological analyses of numerous tumors correlate with increased TAM presence, worse clinical outcomes, and greater resistance to therapy. [17,18] TAMs and their polarization state contribute to the regulation of the function and activation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). TILs are primarily comprised of regulatory T cells (Tregs), helper T cells (CD4+ T cells), cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells), and natural killer (NK) cells.…”

Section: Immune Cell Phenotype Is Influenced By the Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histological analyses of numerous tumors correlate with increased TAM presence, worse clinical outcomes, and greater resistance to therapy. [ 17,18 ]…”

Section: Immune Cell Phenotype Is Influenced By the Tmementioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Biomaterials to Model Immune‐Tumor Interactions In Vitro

Skirzynska,

Xue,

Shoichet

2024

Advanced Materials

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Engineered biomaterial scaffolds are becoming more prominent in research laboratories to study drug efficacy for oncological applications in vitro, but do they have a place in pharmaceutical drug screening pipelines? The low efficacy of cancer drugs in phase II/III clinical trials suggests that there are critical mechanisms not properly accounted for in the pre‐clinical evaluation of drug candidates. Immune cells associated with the tumour may account for some of these failures given recent successes with cancer immunotherapies; however, there are few representative platforms to study immune cells in the context of cancer as traditional 2D culture is typically monocultures and humanized animal models have a weakened immune composition. Biomaterials that replicate tumour microenvironmental cues may provide a more relevant model with greater in vitro complexity. In this review, we explore the pertinent microenvironmental cues which drive tumour progression in the context of the immune system, discuss how these cues can be incorporated into hydrogel design to culture immune cells, and describe progress toward precision oncological drug screening with engineered tissues.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…Given these concerns, another TAM marker, CD163, was utilized. Multiple studies on TNBC, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer have shown that CD163 expression is a negative prognostic marker [106]. Interestingly, MΦ2 macrophages are associated with anti-inflammatory responses such as wound healing and repair.…”

Section: Tumor-infiltrating Innate Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Features of Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Breast Cancer: Impact on Testing and Immunotherapy

Ali,

Vungarala,

Tiriveedhi

2024

Genes

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Genomic instability is one of the well-established hallmarks of cancer. The homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway plays a critical role in correcting the double-stranded breaks (DSB) due to DNA damage in human cells. Traditionally, the BRCA1/2 genes in the HRR pathway have been tested for their association with breast cancer. However, defects in the HRR pathway (HRD, also termed ‘BRCAness’), which has up to 50 genes, have been shown to be involved in tumorigenesis and treatment susceptibility to poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis), platinum-based chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). A reliable consensus on HRD scores is yet to be established. Emerging evidence suggests that only a subset of breast cancer patients benefit from ICI-based immunotherapy. Currently, albeit with limitations, the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) are utilized as biomarkers to predict the favorable outcomes of ICI therapy in breast cancer patients. Preclinical studies demonstrate an interplay between the HRR pathway and PDL1 expression. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the role of HRD in genomic instability leading to breast tumorigenesis and delineate outcomes from various clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss potential strategies for combining HRD-targeted therapy with immunotherapy to achieve the best healthcare outcomes in breast cancer patients.

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Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 30 publications

References 65 publications

MIF as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for triple‐negative breast cancer that correlates with the polarization of M2 macrophages

MIF as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for triple‐negative breast cancer that correlates with the polarization of M2 macrophages

Engineering Biomaterials to Model Immune‐Tumor Interactions In Vitro

Genomic Features of Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Breast Cancer: Impact on Testing and Immunotherapy

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