Breast carcinoma grading, estimation of tumor size, axillary lymph node status, staging, and nottingham prognostic index scoring on mastectomy specimens

Ahmad, Zubair; Khurshid, Amna; Qureshi, Asim; Idress, Romana; Asghar, Nasira; Kayani, Naila

doi:10.4103/0377-4929.56123

Cited by 42 publications

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“…The smallest tumor size was seen in a case of invasive carcinoma of NST and the largest tumor was seen in a case of carcinoma with medullary differentiation. In the study conducted by Ahmad et al 5 , the size of tumor ranged from 1-13cm in diameter which is very close to our study. Tumor size is an important independent variable for prognostication.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The age ranged from 25-75 years with a mean age of 49.83 years which is very similar to study conducted by Ahmad et al where the age range was from 22-75 years with mean age of 47 years. 5 Similarly, in studies conducted Khan GM et al 9 and Jha AK et al 10 the mean age was 47.6 years and 47.30 years respectively. The age ranged from 50-59 years in a study conducted by Khan S at Nepalgunj Medical College.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,5 In Nepal, due to lack of awareness and limited facility of mammography, the detection of breast cancer is less at early stage. 4 Ignorance and reluctance in self-examination of breast lumps leads to the presentation of breast cancer at a later stage.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…5 Hence, it is important to incorporate all the three prognostic parameters mentioned above on receiving mastectomy specimens and report it. 5 There are various histologic types of breast carcinoma having their own prognostic significance. The most commonly used classification of breast cancer is of World Health Organization (WHO).The pathology report serves as a hard copy for clinicians on which various treatment modalities are based.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Grading, staging and Nottingham prognostic index scoring of breast carcinoma

et al. 2017

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Background: Breast carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor in women accounting for approximately 15% of female cancer deaths. It is the second most common malignancy among women in Nepal. Our objectives were to study the extent and spread of different histological types breast carcinoma in the eastern region of Nepal, to grade and stage the tumors, score the prognosis. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of mastectomy specimens with axillary lymph node sampling was done for a period of two years. Diagnosis was done using WHO classification. Modified Bloom Richardson score and TNM system was used to grade and stage the tumors. NottinghamPrognostic index was applied to score the prognosis. Results: Out of 31 total cases, the most common histologic type was Invasive Carcinoma of No Special Type (67.74%). The largest tumor size was of 12cm which had poor NPI score. Most tumors were of grade II and T2. Out of 30 cases with lymph nodes, 13 were negative for metastasis pN0, 10 were pN1 and 7 were pN2. Extranodal spread was observed in 6 out of 17 cases with lymph node metastasis and was associated with higher grades and poor prognosis. Conclusion: Higher grade tumors, lymph node metastasis and extranodal extension are associated with higher Nottingham Prognostic Index score.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Grading, staging and Nottingham prognostic index scoring of breast carcinoma

et al. 2017

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Thermography Based Breast Cancer Detection Using Texture Features and Support Vector Machine

et al. 2010

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Breast cancer is a leading cause of death nowadays in women throughout the world. In developed countries, it is the most common type of cancer in women, and it is the second or third most common malignancy in developing countries. The cancer incidence is gradually increasing and remains a significant public health concern. The limitations of mammography as a screening and diagnostic modality, especially in young women with dense breasts, necessitated the development of novel and more effective strategies with high sensitivity and specificity. Thermal imaging (thermography) is a noninvasive imaging procedure used to record the thermal patterns using Infrared (IR) camera. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using thermal imaging as a potential tool for detecting breast cancer. In this work, we have used 50 IR breast images (25 normal and 25 cancerous) collected from Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. Texture features were extracted from co-occurrence matrix and run length matrix. Subsequently, these features were fed to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for automatic classification of normal and malignant breast conditions. Our proposed system gave an accuracy of 88.10%, sensitivity and specificity of 85.71% and 90.48% respectively.

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Prognostic Utility of Cyclin D1 in Invasive Breast Carcinoma

Parvin

Das

Choudhury

et al. 2018

Indian J Surg Oncol

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Invasive breast carcinoma is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Increase in early detection of breast carcinoma by different diagnostic modalities led to decrease in cancer-related mortality and morbidity. Multiple factors and genes are implicated in breast cancer pathogenesis. Cyclin D1 is an important cell cycle regulatory protein involved in carcinogenesis of various human cancers including breast cancer. Aims of the present study were to evaluate the prognostic importance of cyclin D1 expression in invasive breast carcinoma and its correlation with other prognostic and predictive factors. Patients undergoing mastectomy for breast carcinoma were selected from January 2016 to June 2017 in a tertiary care hospital. Clinical history including demographic parameters was collected in the study pro forma. Immunohistochemical staining for ER, PgR, HER2 and cyclin D1 was performed on all cases. The clinicopathological parameters like age, tumour size, histologic grade, histological type, lymphovascular invasion, axillary lymph node metastasis, ER, PgR and HER2 status were compared and correlated with cyclin D1 expression. Cyclin D1 expression found in 60% cases of breast carcinoma. Expression of cyclin D1 showed a highly significant correlation with histological grade (p = 0.000). Cyclin D1 expression showed significant correlation (p = 0.000) with molecular subtypes. There was also significant correlation between cyclin D1 expression and ER (p = 0.000) and PgR (p = 0.010) status. This study revealed significant cyclin D1 expression in low grade, well-differentiated breast cancer. Therefore, we found cyclin D1 as a favourable prognostic marker in breast carcinoma.

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Breast carcinoma grading, estimation of tumor size, axillary lymph node status, staging, and nottingham prognostic index scoring on mastectomy specimens

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Grading, staging and Nottingham prognostic index scoring of breast carcinoma

Grading, staging and Nottingham prognostic index scoring of breast carcinoma

Thermography Based Breast Cancer Detection Using Texture Features and Support Vector Machine

Prognostic Utility of Cyclin D1 in Invasive Breast Carcinoma

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