Breast-feeding practices and maternal employment in health facilities of Lira District, Northern Uganda

Abstract

Background In Uganda, many working mothers stop breast-feeding before the end of the mandatory maternity leave of 60 days. Inadequate breast-feeding is a risk factor for infant morbidity and mortality. Thus, understanding of the factors that influence breast-feeding is essential so as to advocate for the appropriate breast-feeding practices. This cross-sectional study assessed the pre-lacteal feeding (PLF), early initiation of breast-feeding (EIBF) and exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) and the associated factors for PLF, EIBF and EBF among working mothers in health facilities in Lira District, Northern Uganda. Results Among 376 mothers who participated, the prevalence of PLF, EIBF and EBF was 23.2%, 67.0% and 43.9%, respectively. Mode of delivery was significantly associated with PLF (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.22–0.68, p < 0.01), while mode of delivery (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI 2.19–6.47, p < 0.01), length of daily working time (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.82, p < 0.01) and paid maternity leave (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.95, p < 0.05) were the statistically significant factors associated with EIBF. Age-group, income level, mode of delivery (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09–0.74, p < 0.05), distance to workplace (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.26–0.78, p < 0.01), paid maternity leave (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.95, p < 0.01), breast-feeding space (AOR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.16–0.59, p < 0.05) and breast-feeding break (AOR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.47–1.50, p < 0.01) were the significant factors associated with EBF. Conclusions Exclusive breast-feeding and pre-lacteal feeding among working mothers in health facilities in Lira District are lower than the national averages, but prevalence of early initiation of breast-feeding is higher than the national average.

Household food security, child dietary diversity and coping strategies among rural households. The case of Kole District in northern Uganda

“…Children in this age category were additionally fed on mashed and or other liquid foods, coming from other food groups such as other liquids other than milk, grains, roots and tubers and minimally other dairy products. These results reflect similarly to the other recent studies on exclusive breast feeding that found 43.9% and 42.8% prevalence of exclusive breast feeding among different categories of mothers of children under 6 months of age in northern and central Uganda respectively[ 26 , 27 ]. On the other hand, although complementary feeding is safe to introduce after six months, this study reveals that the types of foods fed to children above 6 months in this case was predominantly from high starch sources such as grains, roots and tuber-based foods.…”

Early Infant Feeding Practices among Women Engaged in Paid Work in Africa: A Systematic Scoping Review

“…<3 or 4 mo) were associated with a lower probability of EBF than longer leaves [ 12 , 16 , 42 ]. Similarly, not receiving any paid leave was negatively associated with EBF [ 58 ].…”