Breast milk supplementation and preterm infant development after hospital discharge: a randomized clinical trial

Cunha, Roxana Desterro e Silva da; Filho, Fernando Lamy; Rafael, Eremita Val; Lamy, Zeni Carvalho; Queiroz, André Luiz Guimarães de

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2015.04.004

Cited by 20 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There is also evidence of better visual function (121). Neurodevelopmental outcome at 12–18 months was not found to be different between groups (117, 120). In these studies there may not have been sufficient protein given to achieve an optimal growth and possibly neurodevelopmental outcome.…”

Section: Post Discharge Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…There have been 3 reports of randomized controlled trials fortifying breast milk post discharge, to 4 months corrected age (116), for around 5–6 months after discharge (117), and to around 12 weeks after discharge (118). Two used commercial HM fortifiers (116, 118) and one (117) a powdered preterm formula. Table 8 shows the nutrient intervention and numbers of infants in these trials.…”

Section: Post Discharge Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies found the HMF to be well-tolerated however each used a different method to administer the fortifier, one adding the entire dose into one bottle per day (116) with no adverse gastrointestinal symptoms reported. Another was by bottle but given spread out over the day (117) and the third by cup twice a day (118). None reported any adverse effect on breast feeding rates in the fortified group.…”

Section: Post Discharge Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification

et al. 2019

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Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that “Standard Fortification,” which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of “Individualized Fortification” to optimize nutrient intake. “Adjustable Fortification” and “Targeted Fortification” are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge.

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Section: Post Discharge Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Post Discharge Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post Discharge Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification

et al. 2019

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“…Out of every ten children who die in Maranhão State, seven die before 27 days and most of them die from preventable causes such as hunger and cold. This mortality increases, in the interval between hospital discharge, in which the newborn passes through the hands of many health professionals, and the arrival at home, that is, when the newborn begins to die (3)(4) . While the hospital is occupied by situations and priorities linked to specialized care, priority in the house of the mother who has given birth recently becomes the maintenance of the baby's life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caring for the future: decrease in infant mortality in Maranhão State

2018

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Objective: To report on the experience and care provided by the "Caring for the future" program to decrease infant mortality in 17 municipalities of Maranhão, in a proposal work of the Secretariat of Basic Care, in partnership with the Non-Governmental Organization called Centro Popular de Cultura e Desenvolvimento (Popular Center for Culture and Development/PCCD) from 2009 to 2015. Method: Experience Report of community care that made it possible to create and strengthen solidary relationships among community members. Results: The program decreased infant mortality rate and created in the supported communities a platform of health support, uniting information and care in Primary Care. The program trained 34 "Guardian Angels" and 170 "Supportive Caregivers", mapped seven thousand "luminous spots" and trained more than 7,000 caregivers in health. It served 17 municipalities, 27,191 pregnant women, 291,266 families. Final considerations: The program was a catalyst for actions: it unveiled hidden resources in the community, awakened collective responsibility, offered training and built solidary relationships.

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“…Studies describing factors associated with changes in osmolality, such as refrigeration, 9 acidity, 10 use of additives, 11 , 12 and addition of vitamins, 13 are aimed at BM. The objective of this work was to verify the influence of dilution, refrigeration, and time between preparation and administration on the osmolality of infant formulas given to NBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influência Da Diluição, Do Tempo E Da Temperatura Pós-Preparo Na Osmolalidade Das Fórmulas Lácteas Oferecidas a Recém-Nascidos

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et al. 2018

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To analyze the influence of dilution, time, and temperature after preparation on the osmolality of infant formulas given to newborns (NBs).Methods: Experimental and descriptive study with samples of different neonatal formulas to verify the osmolality of the milk according to dilution, time, and temperature after preparation. We analyzed seven neonatal formulas in the following times after preparation: immediately (up to 5 minutes); 20 and 40 minutes; every hour up to 8 hours; and 12 and 24 hours. The samples were evaluated at room temperature and after refrigeration. Osmolality curves were designed with the mean of triplicate samples of each milk sample. The digital Osmometer A+, model 3320, from Advanced Instruments measured the osmolality.Results: The time and temperature at which the milk was subjected after preparation did not cause the osmolality to exceed its safety cut-off point at a 1:30 dilution in any of the types of milk analyzed. At a 1:25 dilution, the formula with prebiotics in its composition went over the limit after 4 hours.Conclusions: The milk tested did not exceed the cut-off point of 450 mOsm/kg (approximately 400 mOsm/L), indicated as safe by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) at a dilution recommended by manufacturers. It is important to know the factors that may or may not contribute to the rise of osmolality, in order to establish safe and quality practices for NBs, following protocols based on scientific evidence.

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Breast milk supplementation and preterm infant development after hospital discharge: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract: The results failed to show an association between post-discharge multinutrient supplementation and development in the assessed infants.

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification

Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification

Caring for the future: decrease in infant mortality in Maranhão State

Influência Da Diluição, Do Tempo E Da Temperatura Pós-Preparo Na Osmolalidade Das Fórmulas Lácteas Oferecidas a Recém-Nascidos

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