Breast self-examination as a route to early detection in a lower-middle-income country: assessing psychosocial determinants among women in Surabaya, Indonesia

Dewi, Triana Kesuma; Ruiter, Robert A. C.; Diering, Merle; Ardi, Rahkman; Massar, Karlijn

doi:10.1186/s12905-022-01748-4

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, we found that lack of awareness about the importance of early detection was the second risk factor for neglecting breast cancer screening. Similar to our findings, a study from Indonesia showed that a lack of awareness about the importance of BSE was a barrier to early detection of breast cancer [ 22 ]. According to previous reports, women are typically hesitant to have cancer screenings unless their doctor recommends it [ 17 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Alkarak,

Badheeb,

Al- Dowais

et al. 2024

Cureus

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BackgroundEarly detection of breast cancer is crucial for effective treatment and minimizing mortality, requiring effective screening methods like self-examination, clinical examination, and mammography. However, not all women in Saudi Arabia comply with these examinations, and studies examining its practice and barriers of low uptake are scant. The aim of this study is to investigate factors influencing breast cancer screening behavior among women in Saudi Arabia. MethodsThis cross-sectional study involving 806 women from October to November 2022 used an online questionnaire for the data collection process, including questions about demographic characteristics, awareness assessment, breast cancer screening behavior, symptoms, risk factors, and screening programs. Factors affecting the screening behavior were analyzed using the logistic regression model with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). ResultsAmong the 806 women who participated in the study, 479 (59.4%) were under 40 years old, and half of them were urban residents (n = 394, 48.9%). Only 134 subjects (16.6%) had a history of breast screening. Social media (n = 519, 64.5%) was the predominant source of screening information. The primary obstacles to breast cancer screening were the absence of tumor symptoms (n = 333, 41.3%), insufficient knowledge about early detection (n = 249, 31%), lack of time (n = 245, 30%), fear of discovering a tumor (n = 187, 23%), and lack of awareness about screening centers (n = 155, 19%). In regression analysis, predictive factors for breast cancer screening behavior were as follows: age over 40 years old (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Alkarak,

Badheeb,

Al- Dowais

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Early detection could identify breast cancer at an early stage reducing poor clinical health. If cancer was diagnosed in an advanced state, it would lead to low survival rates [ 25 , 26 ]. Self-screening encourages women to check abnormal signs of their breasts regularly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer and Screening Prevention Programmes: Perceptions of Women in a Multicultural Community in Southern Thailand

Suwankhong

Liamputtong

Boonrod

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide and in Thailand. Objective: To explore perceptions of breast cancer and screening prevention programmes among a group of at-risk women in a multicultural setting in southern Thailand. Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used for data collection with 30 at-risk group women. Women from Muslim and Buddhist backgrounds were purposively included in this study. The thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. Results: Four themes were identified from our data: perceptions of breast cancer, being diagnosed with breast cancer and anxiety, stigma: effects of breast cancer, and breast self-screening and prevention of breast cancer. The participants had some knowledge about the risk factors for breast cancer. However, participants perceived that breast cancer could occur to individual women at any time and that it was not possible to entirely prevent the disease, even when following a breast self-examination programme. However, most participants perceived that whether one would be afflicted by breast cancer depended also on Allah and their own karma. All participants were encouraged to attend breast self-screening training by healthcare providers of local health centres, but they had no confidence to perform self-screening soon after finishing the training programme. This became the reason for a lack of regular self-screening with responsibility left to health practitioners. Although participants were aware that breast self-screening should be their routine practice, there were multiple barriers to this, including accurate knowledge about breast cancer, belief, self-awareness, screening skills and healthcare facilities. Breast self-screening was recognised as an important means of early detection. However, most women did not perform this regularly, which could increase their risk of developing breast cancer. Conclusions: Public health providers need to be more concerned about the perceptions, beliefs and practices regarding breast cancer and develop prevention practices that work better for women living in more diverse cultural locations so that they may be able to follow preventive practices and reduce their vulnerability to breast cancer.

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“…Although policies from WHO, CDC, and developed countries do not support BSE practice as a primary screening tool-several Asian countries, including Indonesia, continue to acknowledge the importance of BSE practice since mammography is not accessible equally among regions [30,31,63,64]. A study by Thaineau et al in Thailand tracked a 1.9 million population regarding the risk of late-stage breast cancer in five years (2012-2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Self-Examination Practice and Its Determinants among Women in Indonesia: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

et al. 2023

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Breast cancer (BC) is a heavy burden for Indonesian healthcare, but there is still no thorough evaluation for Breast self-examination (BSE) practice as routine BC screening. In this study, we aimed to synthesize the pooled prevalence data of BSE practice, compare BSE practice prevalence between Java Island and non-Java Islands in Indonesia, and identify the determinants that we thought could affect the BSE practice in the Indonesian population. Intensive searches were conducted in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SINTA (Indonesian Web of Science and Technology Index) from September 2017–2022. We utilized Review Manager 5.4 for conducting the meta-analysis. We found the overall national prevalence of BSE practice was 43.14% (95% CI: 36.08, 50.20, p < 0.00001). BSE practice in Java Island was higher compared to non-Java Island (44.58% vs. 41.62%). The highest prevalence of BSE practice was found among university students, with a 49.90% prevalence. Good knowledge, good attitude toward BSE, family history of BC, family support, and BC information exposure were all statistically associated with a higher determinant of BSE practice. We concluded that BSE practice in Indonesia is still low, especially in non-Java Islands. Integrative and collaborative programs should be established to promote BSE as routine screening for BC.

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Breast self-examination as a route to early detection in a lower-middle-income country: assessing psychosocial determinants among women in Surabaya, Indonesia

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Breast Cancer and Screening Prevention Programmes: Perceptions of Women in a Multicultural Community in Southern Thailand

Breast Self-Examination Practice and Its Determinants among Women in Indonesia: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

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