Breastfeeding Barriers and Support in a Rural Setting

Goodman, Laurel; Majee, Wilson; Olsberg, Joshua E.; Jefferson, Urmeka T.

doi:10.1097/nmc.0000000000000212

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…All participants were enrolled in WIC. The demographics for the community participants did not fully align with the community characteristics, which reported as comprising of an 86% non-Hispanic white population, with 15.9% having a baccalaureate degree or higher (Goodman et al, 2016). Finally, the community level of WIC participation (68.2%), while still considerable, was lower than the participants' (100%) (Goodman et al, 2016).…”

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A community needs assessment can be employed to discover the effectiveness of available resources and to uncover services that are lacking. Goodman, Majee, Olsberg, and Jefferson (2016) conducted a needs assessment with the goal of identifying breastfeeding barriers and supports within a rural community in Missouri.…”

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The respondents were primarily Caucasian (60%), high school graduates (100%), had completed some college (60%), and were married (60%) (Goodman, Majee, Olsberg & Jefferson, 2016). All participants were enrolled in WIC.…”

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten mothers were recruited to participate in the study as they were currently breastfeeding or had recently breastfed their infant and they were enrolled in WIC (Goodman et al, 2016). The assessment also recruited a group of ten health care professionals.…”

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assessment also recruited a group of ten health care professionals. The health care professional (HCP) group were non-Hispanic white, educated beyond a baccalaureate degree, employed in their position for five or more years, and lived in the community (Goodman et al, 2016). The mothers group reported that there existed insufficient hospital and community support.…”

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seeking to Do What’s Best for Baby: A Grounded Theory

Jagiello¹

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BACKGROUND: Human breastmilk is considered the ideal form of infant nutrition. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization officials recommend breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months of life and continued breastfeeding for at least the first year of life. Despite these recommendations and increased promotion of exclusive breastfeeding through six months by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control, new mothers living in rural U.S. communities have lower incidence of breastfeeding as compared to their urban counterparts. Little is known about the experience that fosters success or failure to exclusively breastfeed to six months. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a substantive theory that describes the decision-making process for women in a rural population to exclusively breastfeed. Decision-making did not emerge as a construct by participants of the study. METHODS: Nineteen participants who reported a desire to exclusively breastfeed were recruited using both purposive and theoretical sampling. The research employed classic grounded theory method to understand the meaning and experiences of exclusive breastfeeding. FINDINGS: The theory of seeking to do what's best for baby emerged from the data. It consists of a temporal three-stage process. The stages are 1) pre-pregnancy nescience, 2) working through, and 3) succeeding or surrendering. The process is influenced by evolving internal conditions identified as enculturating, believing, and lacking knowledge. Also identified are basic social processes and conditions that influence the core category of working through and affect the three-stage process. The basic social psychological processes that impact working through are struggling, needing support, winging it, and admitting fed is best. The basic social structural processes that impact the core category of working through are health care, family structure, customs, hierarchy, and social media. CONCLUSIONS: The theory seeking to do what's best for baby explores how rural mothers attempting to exclusively breastfeed for the first six months, navigate the basic social processes encountered and resolve their main concern of doing what is best for their baby. The theory is supported by both the theory of planned behavior and symbolic interactionism. This new grounded theory has pertinent implications for research, nursing and clinical practice, breastfeeding policy, and education that may promote healthy outcomes for infants living in rural communities.

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Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seeking to Do What’s Best for Baby: A Grounded Theory

Jagiello¹

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Pioneer baby: suggestions for pre- and postnatal health promotion programs from rural English and Spanish-speaking pregnant and postpartum women

et al. 2018

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In the United States, more than 9 million rural women (15-44 years old) experience limited access and delivery of reproductive healthcare services. Rurality coupled with lower socio-economic status are associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain in-depth information from underserved English- and Spanish-speaking pregnant and postpartum rural women on what they would value in a health promotion program. Three focus group sessions were conducted exploring four domains: (1) physical activity, (2) dietary habits, (3) fetal movement/kick counts, and (4) breastfeeding and other support resources. Five overarching themes were observed across domains, with the following health promotion needs: (1) information on safe exercises, (2) advice on healthy food and drink, (3) breastfeeding support, (4) guidance on counting fetal movement, and (5) self- and peer-education. Study findings will inform intervention programming that aims to improve pregnancy and birth outcomes.

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