Breastfeeding Continues to Increase Into the New Millennium

Ryan, Allan J.; Zhou, Wenjun; Acosta, Andrew

doi:10.1542/peds.110.6.1103

Cited by 391 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the multivariate analyses we account for these individuals using right censorship. 3 A larger percentage of Asians in the military are Filipino compared to in the civilian population [28] and this is also the case in our data. While we can only speculate, recent research has shown that infant formula lobbying in the Philippines has been linked to lowered breastfeeding rates among Filipino women [29].…”

Section: Dependent Variablessupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Interestingly, Asian mothers in the military are less likely to breastfeed for as long as their civilian counterparts, although this difference disappears at 16 weeks of breastfeeding duration. 3 Independent Variables individuals for whom no data was available because they received the survey before their infant was that old. In the multivariate analyses we account for these individuals using right censorship.…”

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors that predict breastfeeding are primarily socioeconomic in nature. Low income, unmarried, and non-college educated mothers are least likely to breastfeed [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Black–White Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding Persist in the Military Community?

Lundquist

Barfield³

et al. 2014

Matern Child Health J

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We conduct a comparative analysis of breastfeeding behavior between military and civilian-affiliated mothers. Our focus is on African American mothers among whom breastfeeding rates are lowest. The military context may mitigate conditions associated with low breastfeeding prevalence by (a) providing stable employment and educational opportunities to populations who face an otherwise poor labor market and (b) providing universal healthcare that includes breastfeeding consultation. Using pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system (PRAMS) data for which we received special permission from each state to flag military affiliation, we analyze civilians and military affiliate in breastfeeding initiation using logistic regression and breastfeeding duration using Cox proportional hazard analysis. We find that breastfeeding is more prevalent among all women in the military setting and that the blackwhite gap in breastfeeding duration common among civilians is significantly reduced among military affiliates. Breastfeeding is a crucial component of maternal and child health and eliminating racial disparities in its prevalence is a public health priority. This study is the first to identify the military as an important institutional context that deserves closer examination to glean potential policy implications for civilian society.

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Section: Dependent Variablessupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Black–White Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding Persist in the Military Community?

Lundquist

Barfield³

et al. 2014

Matern Child Health J

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“…Further evidence indicates that there may be wide geographical variation in terms of breast-feeding initiation both internationally (49)(50)(51) and in Ireland. As far back as 1986 the highest breast-feeding rates were observed in the Dublin maternity hospitals (43%), while no mother was reported to have breast-fed in Carlow or Dundalk (32) .…”

Section: Regional Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher initiation rates have been documented in large international longitudinal studies, including 69% in 2002 in the UK (64) , 69 . 5% in 2002 in the USA (50) , 88% in 2001 in Australia (65) , 97% in 2004 in Switzerland (66) and 99% in 2003 in Norway (67) .…”

Section: International Comparisons In Breast-feeding Initiation and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Session 1: Public health nutrition Breast-feeding practices in Ireland

Tarrant¹,

Kearney²

2008

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Breast-feeding is the superior infant feeding method from birth, with research consistently demonstrating its numerous short-and long-term health benefits for both mother and infant. As a global recommendation the WHO advises that mothers should exclusively breast-feed for the first 6-months of life, thus delaying the introduction of solids during this time. Historically, Irish breast-feeding initiation rates have remained strikingly low in comparison with international data and there has been little improvement in breast-feeding duration rates. There is wide geographical variation in terms of breast-feeding initiation both internationally and in Ireland. Some of these differences in breast-feeding rates may be associated with differing socio-economic characteristics. A recent cross-sectional prospective study of 561 pregnant women attending a Dublin hospital and followed from the antenatal period to 6 months post partum has found that 47 % of the Irish-national mothers initiated breast-feeding, while only 24 % were still offering 'any' breast milk to their infants at 6 weeks. Mothers' positive antenatal feeding intention to breast-feed is indicated as one of the most important independent determinants of initiation and 'any' breast-feeding at 6 weeks, suggesting that the antenatal period should be targeted as an effective time to influence and affect mothers' attitudes and beliefs pertaining to breast-feeding. These results suggest that the 'cultural' barrier towards breast-feeding appears to still prevail in Ireland and consequently an environment that enables women to breast-feed is far from being achieved. Undoubtedly, a shift towards a more positive and accepting breast-feeding culture is required if national breast-feeding rates are to improve. Breast-feeding practices: Initiation determinants: IrelandBreast-feeding is promoted as the optimal mode of infant feeding for both term and preterm infants (1,2) with shortand long-term health benefits also afforded to the mother (3) . While the evidence for the nutritional benefits of breast-feeding is robust, the practice also confers a number of non-nutritional advantages to young infants relating to the protection against acute infections (4,5) , including neonatal enterocolitis (6) , respiratory illness (7) and otitis media (8,9) , as well as enhanced behavioural and physiological development (10) .Particular interest over the past decade in the persisting long-term benefits of breast-feeding during childhood and even adulthood lends further support to the promotion of the practice (2,11) . Well-designed studies using large sample sizes, follow-up to preschool age, and appropriate adjustment for important potential confounding factors suggest a modest protective effect of having been breast-fed on later obesity risk (12)(13)(14) . Research is also emerging to indicate a link between early feeding mode and risk for CVD in adulthood via a potential early programming mechanism (15,16) . Breast-fed infants have been shown to have decreased systolic (17) and diasto...

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Immigration, Race/Ethnicity, and Social and Economic Factors as Predictors of Breastfeeding Initiation

Celi¹,

Rich‐Edwards²,

Richardson³

et al. 2005

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

146

100

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Immigration status was strongly associated with increased breastfeeding initiation in this cohort, implying that cultural factors are important in the decision to breastfeed. Immigrants of all races/ethnicities initiated breastfeeding more often than their US-born counterparts. In addition, US-born minority groups initiated breastfeeding at rates at least as high as their white counterparts, likely due in part to high levels of education and income as well as to access to a medical care system that explicitly supports breastfeeding.

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Breastfeeding Continues to Increase Into the New Millennium

Cited by 391 publications

References 42 publications

Do Black–White Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding Persist in the Military Community?

Do Black–White Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding Persist in the Military Community?

Session 1: Public health nutrition Breast-feeding practices in Ireland

Immigration, Race/Ethnicity, and Social and Economic Factors as Predictors of Breastfeeding Initiation

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