Breastmilk feeding for mothers and infants with opioid exposure: What is best?

Bogen, Debra L.; Whalen, Bonny

doi:10.1016/j.siny.2019.01.001

Cited by 26 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…This study indicates a persistent disparity in breastfeeding outcomes in women with OUD (81.6% initiate and 23% at 6 months) relative to controls (97% initiate and 53% at 6 months), consistent with prior reports . However, the percentage of women who initiate breastfeeding in this Baby‐Friendly ® hospital nearly meets (OUD group) or exceeds (abstaining controls) the national Healthy People 2020 target of 81.9%.…”

Section: Participant Characteristics By Study Groupsupporting

confidence: 87%

Disparities in breastfeeding outcomes among women with opioid use disorder

et al. 2019

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Section: Participant Characteristics By Study Groupsupporting

confidence: 87%

Disparities in breastfeeding outcomes among women with opioid use disorder

et al. 2019

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“…Infants breastfed according to WHO recommendations experience less morbidity and no differences in growth compared with partially breastfed infants 53 . However, women using opioids may be advised to forgo or delay breastfeeding 54 . Opioid medications may be prescribed postpartum for pain management and should be reviewed regularly to optimize pain management and assess ongoing requirements 24 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequent breastfeeding and infant‐led breastfeeding and comfort nursing may help NAS symptoms and support NAS infants’ increased caloric requirements. The findings of several small studies suggest lower rates of treatment for NAS among breastfed infants and better in‐hospital outcomes 54,64,66‐68 . Small quantities of drugs such as methadone in breastmilk may also play a role in reducing withdrawal symptoms in infants 54,69 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings of several small studies suggest lower rates of treatment for NAS among breastfed infants and better in‐hospital outcomes 54,64,66‐68 . Small quantities of drugs such as methadone in breastmilk may also play a role in reducing withdrawal symptoms in infants 54,69 . A recent review on the outcomes of breastfeeding and/or breast milk feeding among infants of women using opioids (including those with opioid use disorders), showed that breastfed newborns had less severe opioid withdrawal symptoms, shorter hospital stays, and were less likely to be treated with medication for withdrawal 54 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small quantities of drugs such as methadone in breastmilk may also play a role in reducing withdrawal symptoms in infants 54,69 . A recent review on the outcomes of breastfeeding and/or breast milk feeding among infants of women using opioids (including those with opioid use disorders), showed that breastfed newborns had less severe opioid withdrawal symptoms, shorter hospital stays, and were less likely to be treated with medication for withdrawal 54 . The relative impact of skin‐to‐skin contact, quality and volume of consumed breastmilk, and potential opioid drug transfer to breastmilk on the observed outcomes could not be distinguished.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of opioids on female fertility, pregnancy and the breastfeeding mother‐infant dyad: A Review

Corsi

Murphy

2021

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Opioids cover a broad class of natural, synthetic and semi‐synthetic drugs that act on opioid receptors to produce powerful analgesic effects. Rates of opioid use and opioid agonist maintenance treatment have increased substantially in recent years, particularly among women. Trends and outcomes of opioids use on fertility, pregnancy and breastfeeding, and longer‐term child developmental outcomes have not been well‐described. Here, we review the existing literature on the health effects of opioid use on female fertility, pregnancy, breastmilk and the exposed infant. We find that the current literature is primarily concentrated on the impact of opioid use in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, with little exploration of effects on fertility. Studies are limited in number, some with small sample sizes, and many are hampered by methodological challenges related to confounding and other potential biases. Opioid use is becoming more prevalent due to environmental pressures such as COVID‐19. More research is needed to better elucidate its effects on reproductive health among younger women and support the development of evidence‐based recommendations for safe prescription practices and public health messaging.

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