Breath acetone change during aerobic exercise is moderated by cardiorespiratory fitness

Königstein, Karsten; Abegg, Sebastian; Schorn, Andrea N; Weber, I.T.; Derron, Nina; Krebs, Andreas; Gerber, Philipp A.; Schmidt‐Trucksäss, Arno; Güntner, Andreas T.

doi:10.1088/1752-7163/abba6c

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…They start increasing only after 3 h of resting (i.e., 1.46 ppm). This small increase indicates weak exercise‐related lipolysis activation, in agreement with the literature [ 34 ] for such subjects with low cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., male subject with VO 2peak < 40 mL kg −1 min − 1 , [ 62 ] Table S1, Supporting Information). This is consistent with his BOHB measurements (diamonds, Figure 4a) that hardly change during exercise and increase only little during resting.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Next, the detector was tested with volunteers during and after an exhaustive and cardiorespiratory fitness‐adapted [ 34 ] exercise protocol ( Figure a) where breath (stars) and blood (diamonds) sampling are indicated. The responses with the PTR‐ToF‐MS (Figure 3b), the acetone detector (Figure 3c), and a commercial CO 2 sensor (Figure 3d) are shown exemplarily for volunteer #9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) The protocol was standardized to the cardiorespiratory fitness [ 34 ] comprising a ramped exercise (0 ≤ t < 60 min) until the individual second ventilatory threshold (VT 2 ) and a resting phase ( t > 60 min). Breath (stars) and blood (diamonds) sampling is indicated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 32 ] So, fine concentration differences need to be tracked to indicate and reveal anaerobic thresholds (i.e., breath acetone increase [ 33 ] of 25%) or to distinguish cardiorespiratory fitness. [ 34 ] Similar small changes in breath acetone concentration should be recognized when assessing the effectiveness of intermittent fasting (i.e., BOHB increase of 60% after four weeks of alternate day fasting [ 35 ] ), whereas periodically elevated BOHB levels (i.e., 1.5 mmol L −1 compared with basal 0.12 mmol L −1 ) have anti‐aging and cardioprotective effects in mice. [ 36 ] Today's state‐of‐the‐art acetone sensors can hardly resolve these differences having precision not better than 0.6 ppm ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is based on a compact assembly [ 41 ] of a flame‐made [ 42 ] Pt/Al 2 O 3 catalytic filter and a chemoresistive Si/WO 3 gas sensor [ 23 ] that quantifies acetone selectively at high relative humidity (RH; Figure a), as proved with laboratory gas mixtures. [ 41 ] This detector (Pt/Al 2 O 3 –Si/WO 3 ) was tested on 146 end‐tidal breath samples from a cardiorespiratory fitness‐adjusted [ 34 ] exercise protocol and subsequent 3 h rest. [ 43 ] Hence, the detector's capacity to monitor lipolysis was assessed in a demanding application, where small acetone changes (e.g., <0.5 ppm [ 32 ] ) need to be quantified from short (i.e., 5 s) exhalations, in the presence of endogenous compounds (e.g., isoprene up to 0.44 ppm) and background ethanol (up to 3.2 ppm) from disinfectants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Lipolysis by Sensing Breath Acetone down to Parts‐per‐Billion

et al. 2021

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Mobile health technologies can provide information routinely and on demand to manage metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes and obesity) and optimize their treatment (e.g., exercise or dieting). Most promising is breath acetone monitoring to track lipolysis and complement standard glucose monitoring. Yet, accurate quantification of acetone down to parts‐per‐billion (ppb) is difficult with compact and mobile devices in the presence of interferants at comparable or higher concentrations. Herein, a low‐cost detector that quantifies end‐tidal acetone during exercise and rest is presented with excellent bias (25 ppb) and unprecedented precision (169 ppb) in 146 breath samples. It combines a flame‐made Pt/Al2O3 catalyst with a chemoresistive Si/WO3 sensor. The detector is robust against orders of magnitude higher ethanol concentrations from disinfection and exercise‐driven endogenous breath isoprene ones, as validated by mass spectrometry. This detector accurately tracks the individual lipolysis dynamics in all volunteers, as confirmed by blood ketone measurements. It can be integrated readily into handheld devices for personalized metabolic assessment at home, in gyms, and clinics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Lipolysis by Sensing Breath Acetone down to Parts‐per‐Billion

et al. 2021

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A Strategy to Enhance Humidity Robustness of p‐Type CuO Sensors for Breath Acetone Quantification

Oosthuizen

Weber

2023

Small Science

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Low‐cost metal oxide sensors are highly attractive for emerging applications such as breath analysis. Particularly promising are p‐type sensors that can operate at low temperatures, a key requirement for compact and low‐power devices. To date, however, these sensors lack sufficient sensitivity, selectivity, and humidity robustness to fulfil stringent requirements faced in real applications. Herein, a flame‐made and low‐power sensor (operated at 150 °C) that consists of CeO2‐decorated CuO nanoparticles is introduced, as determined by X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Most remarkably, this sensor features excellent robustness to 10–90% relative humidity. This is attributed to the presence of CeO2 nanoclusters, which may act by scavenging OH− and allow the readsorption of oxygen onto the CuO surface. To demonstrate its immediate impact, this sensor is investigated for the detection of acetone, a biomarker for fat burning. It detects acetone with high sensitivity (i.e., 50 ppb) and features excellent acetone selectivity (>9.8) toward key inorganic interferants (i.e., NH3, H2, and CO). Most importantly, the CeO2–CuO sensor accurately quantifies acetone concentrations in the exhaled breath of 16 volunteers (bias and precision of 90 and 457 ppb). As a result, it is attractive for low‐power and humidity robust detection of volatiles in breath analysis.

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