Breath isoprene – aspects of normal physiology related to age, gender and cholesterol profile as determined in a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry study

Kushch, Ievgeniia; Arendacká, Barbora; Štolc, Svorad; Mochalski, Paweł; Filipiak, Wojciech; Schwarz, Konrad; Schwentner, Lukas; Schmid, Alex P.; Dzien, Alexander; Lechleitner, Monika; Witkovský, Viktor; Miekisch, Wolfram; Schubert, Jochen K.; Unterkofler, Karl; Amann, Anton

doi:10.1515/cclm.2008.181

Cited by 137 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Levels of isoprene have been reported at ~ 200 ppb [30,31], while those of acetone and methane can reach tens of ppm, depending upon the condition of the subject [31][32][33][34][35]. To simulate the relative concentrations possible in breath of isoprene and acetone, a mixture was made of 0.5 % of isoprene and 5 % acetone, buffered in air.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FTIR resolution was set to 4 cm -1 .All the spectra have been corrected for R(λ) and were acquire over 4 minutes using the SC source. [30] convolved with a Gaussian instrument function to match the FTIR resolution of 4 cm -1 . The partial pressures in the simulation are 28Torr, 7 Torr and 2.4 mTorr for CO 2 , water and methane, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace species detection in the near infrared using Fourier transform broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy: initial studies on potential breath analytes

Denzer

Hancock

Islam

et al. 2011

Analyst

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Cavity enhanced absorption measurements have been made of several species that absorb light between 1.5 and 1.7 mm using both a supercontinuum source and superluminescent light emitting diodes. A system based upon an optical enhancement cavity of relatively high finesse, consisting of mirrors of reflectivity $99.98%, and a Fourier transform spectrometer, is demonstrated. Spectra are recorded of isoprene, butadiene, acetone and methane, highlighting problems with spectral interference and unambiguous concentration determinations. Initial results are presented of acetone within a breath-like matrix indicating ppm precision at <$10 ppm acetone levels. Instrument sensitivities are sufficiently enhanced to enable the detection of atmospheric levels of methane. Higher detection sensitivities are achieved using the supercontinuum source, with a minimum detectable absorption coefficient of $4 Â 10 À9 cm À1 reported within a 4 min acquisition time. Finally, two superluminescent light emitting diodes are coupled together to increase the wavelength coverage, and measurements are made simultaneously on acetylene, CO 2 , and butadiene. The absorption cross-sections for acetone and isoprene have been measured with an instrumental resolution of 4 cm À1 and are found to be 1.3 AE 0.1 Â 10 À21 cm 2 at a wavelength of 1671.9 nm and 3.6 AE 0.2 Â 10 À21 cm 2 at 1624.7 nm, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace species detection in the near infrared using Fourier transform broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy: initial studies on potential breath analytes

Denzer

Hancock

Islam

et al. 2011

Analyst

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“…acetic acid, acetaldehyde, methyl methacrylate, 2,3-butanedione or methanethiol), for monitoring the outbreak of a bacterial infection. Nevertheless, compounds like acetaldehyde, ethanol, acetone and isoprene are normally present in human breath Bajtarevic et al, 2009;Kushch et al, 2008;Schwarz et al, 2009a, b), which hampers breath analysis due to substantial background levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of volatile metabolites taken up by or released from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae by using GC-MS

et al. 2012

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from or taken up by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae cultures were analysed by means of GC-MS after adsorption of headspace samples on multi-bed sorption tubes. Sampling was performed at different time points during cultivation of bacteria to follow the dynamics of VOC metabolism. VOCs were identified not only by spectral library match but also based on retention times of native standards. As many as 34 volatile metabolites were released from S. pneumoniae and 28 from H. influenzae, comprising alcohols, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons, ketones and sulfur-containing compounds. For both species, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, methyl methacrylate, 2,3-butanedione and methanethiol were found in strongly elevated concentrations and 1-butanol and butanal in moderately elevated concentrations. In addition, characteristic volatile biomarkers were detected for both bacterial species and exclusively for S. pneumoniae, also catabolism of aldehydes (3-methylbutanal and hexanal) was found. The results obtained provide important input into the knowledge about volatile bacterial biomarkers, which may become particularly important for detection of pathogens in upper airways by breath-gas analysis in the future.

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“…Using an analogous line of argument, exercise scenarios on an ergometer support the idea that some peripheral (muscle) tissue may play a role in isoprene synthesis. While this contrasts previous work postulating a purely hepatic origin of isoprene [15,50], the above modeling study provides interesting new perspectives on the age dependence of isoprene output [49,47,34] as well as its reduction under statin therapy [24,50]. Furthermore, it opens up the possibility for a mechanistic interpretation of future experimental findings and challenges new hypotheses.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Physiological Modeling for Analysis of Exhaled Breath

King

Koc

Unterkofler

et al. 2013

Volatile Biomarkers

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Breath isoprene – aspects of normal physiology related to age, gender and cholesterol profile as determined in a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry study

Abstract: Isoprene concentrations in exhaled breath showed gender-specific correlations with respect to age. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the relation between isoprene concentrations in exhaled breath and cholesterol levels and synthesis rates in blood.

Cited by 137 publications

References 51 publications

Trace species detection in the near infrared using Fourier transform broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy: initial studies on potential breath analytes

Trace species detection in the near infrared using Fourier transform broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy: initial studies on potential breath analytes

Characterization of volatile metabolites taken up by or released from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae by using GC-MS

Physiological Modeling for Analysis of Exhaled Breath

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